Can long-distance migratory birds adjust to the advancement of spring by shortening migration distance? The response of the pied flycatcher to latitudinal photoperiodic variation
Can long-distance migratory birds adjust to the advancement of spring by shortening migration distance? The response of the pied flycatcher to latitudinal photoperiodic variation
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01668.x
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Pulido, Francisco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coppack, Timothy;Tindemans, Ilse;Pulido, Francisco
许多生物利用白昼长度作为线索，使它们的生命周期与环境生产力的季节性变化同步。然而，在快速的气候变化下，对日照长度的响应可能变得不适应，光响应生物只有在能够适应广泛的光周期条件时才能逃避越来越不适合的栖息地。先前的一项实验表明，如果将其越冬地区从撒哈拉以南非洲地区转移到地中海地区，古北极-非洲热带候鸟Ficedula hypoleuca的斑蝇将大大提前春季迁徙和生殖成熟的时间。然而，尚不清楚这种对光周期条件下纬度变化的显著响应是否在整个潜在越冬区域范围内是连续的，以及缩短迁移距离是否将是一种有效的机制，以调整迁移时间以适应快速变化的气候条件。在这里，我们通过实验表明，将斑姬蝇当前的越冬地向北移动10度将导致婚前蜕皮的终止和春季迁徙活动和性腺生长的开始明显提前。然而，在模拟较高越冬纬度的条件下，我们没有发现进一步的进展，这表明在北纬10度至20度之间的狭窄地理范围内存在临界光周期阈值或陡峭的渐变响应。由于该地区的栖息地条件正在迅速恶化，斑姬鹟通过缩短迁徙距离来调整其生命周期以适应不断变化的气候条件的潜力在未来可能有限。
Many organisms use day length as a cue for synchronizing their life cycles with seasonal changes in environmental productivity. Under rapid climate change, however, responses to day length may become maladaptive, and photo-responsive organisms may only be able to evade increasingly unsuitable habitats if they can accommodate to a wide range of photoperiodic conditions. A previous experiment showed that the pied flycatcher, Ficedula hypoleuca, a Palaearctic-Afrotropical migratory bird, would strongly advance the timing of spring migration and reproductive maturation if it shifted its wintering area from sub-Saharan Africa to the Mediterranean region. However, it is unknown whether this marked response to latitudinal variation in photoperiodic conditions is continuous over the entire range of potential wintering areas, and if a shortening of migration distance would be an effective mechanism to adjust the timing of migration to rapidly changing climatic conditions. Here, we experimentally show that a moderate northward displacement of the pied flycatcher's current wintering grounds by 10 degrees would result in a clear advancement of the termination of prenuptial moult and the initiation of spring migratory activity and gonadal growth. However, we found no further advancement under conditions simulating higher wintering latitudes, suggesting the existence of a critical photoperiodic threshold or a steep gradual response within a narrow geographical range between 10 degrees and 20 degrees northern latitude. Because habitat conditions in this area are deteriorating rapidly, the potential for pied flycatchers to adjust their life cycle to changing climatic conditions by shortening the migration distance may be limited in the future.