Molecular spins for quantum computation
Molecular spins for quantum computation
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DOI：
10.1038/s41557-019-0232-y
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
21.8
通讯作者：
Coronado, E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gaita-Arino, A.;Luis, F.;Coronado, E.
固体或分子中的自旋具有离散的能级，并且相关的量子态可以通过外部电磁场进行调谐和相干操纵。因此，自旋提供了一个最简单的平台来编码量子比特（qubit），这是未来量子计算机的基本单位。执行任何有用的计算需要的不仅仅是实现一个健壮的量子位，还需要大量的量子位和一种可靠的方式将它们集成到一个复杂的电路中，以存储和处理信息并实现量子算法。这种“可扩展性”可以说是基于化学的自下而上方法最适合的挑战之一。分子，比原子更多才多艺，但微观，是量子对象具有最高的能力，形成非平凡的有序状态在纳米级和大量复制使用化学工具。
Spins in solids or in molecules possess discrete energy levels, and the associated quantum states can be tuned and coherently manipulated by means of external electromagnetic fields. Spins therefore provide one of the simplest platforms to encode a quantum bit (qubit), the elementary unit of future quantum computers. Performing any useful computation demands much more than realizing a robust qubit-one also needs a large number of qubits and a reliable manner with which to integrate them into a complex circuitry that can store and process information and implement quantum algorithms. This 'scalability' is arguably one of the challenges for which a chemistry-based bottom-up approach is best-suited. Molecules, being much more versatile than atoms, and yet microscopic, are the quantum objects with the highest capacity to form non-trivial ordered states at the nanoscale and to be replicated in large numbers using chemical tools.