Susceptibility mapping as a means to visualize veins and quantify oxygen saturation.
Susceptibility mapping as a means to visualize veins and quantify oxygen saturation.
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DOI：
10.1002/jmri.22276
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发表时间：
2010-09
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Cheng, Y. C. N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haacke, E. M.;Tang, J.;Neelavalli, J.;Cheng, Y. C. N.
使用磁化率标测创建脑内静脉的独立于方向的三维重建。通常用于磁化率加权成像（SWI）的高分辨率高通滤波相位图像用作局部磁场行为的来源。随后使用逆过程对这些图像进行后处理，以生成静脉的磁化率图。对相位图像的k空间数据进行正则化和插值，以减少重建伪影。为了了解伪影的影响，并微调方法，在有噪声和无噪声的情况下进行血管模拟。在足够的分辨率下，可以用这种方法可视化大脑中的主要静脉。通常的几何形状相关的相位偶极效应通过该处理被去除，基本上留下静脉的图像。不同大小的血管显示不同的对比度水平，这取决于它们的部分容积效应。尺寸为8 mm或16 mm的血管显示正常氧饱和度水平的预期定量值。由于方法误差和部分容积效应，较小的血管显示较小的值。较大血管显示出接近预期值90%的敏感性降低偏倚。的方法和工件有关的不同来源的错误的局限性进行了论证。磁敏感图可以成功地创建具有不同水平的对比度噪声的大脑静脉造影，这取决于血管的大小。部分容积效应使得这种方法作为成像工具或可视化工具更有用，尽管某些较大的血管已经测量到接近与正常血氧饱和度水平相关联的预期值的渗透率。
To create an orientation independent, three dimensional reconstruction of the veins in the brain using susceptibility mapping. High resolution, high pass filtered phase images usually used for susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) were used as a source for local magnetic field behavior. These images were subsequently post-processed using an inverse procedure to generate susceptibility maps of the veins. Regularization and interpolation of the data in k-space of the phase images were used to reduce reconstruction artifacts. To understand the effects of artifacts, and to fine tune the methodology, simulations of blood vessels were performed with and without noise. With sufficient resolution, major veins in the brain could be visualized with this approach. The usual geometry dependent phase dipole effects are removed by this processing, leaving basically images of the veins. Different sized vessels show a different level of contrast depending on their partial volume effects. Vessels that are 8mm or 16 mm in size show quantitative values expected for normal oxygen saturation levels. Smaller vessels show smaller values due to errors in the methodology and due to partial volume effects. Larger vessels show a bias toward a reduced susceptibility approaching 90% of the expected value. Limitations of the method and artifacts related to different sources of errors are demonstrated. Susceptibility maps can successfully create venograms of the brain with varying levels of contrast-to-noise depending on the size of the vessel. Partial volume effects render this approach more useful as an imaging tool or a visualization tool although certain larger vessels have measured susceptibilities close to expected values associated with normal blood oxygen saturation levels.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1002/cmr.b.10083
发表时间：
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