Simulation of Radiation Effects in Structural Materials of Reactors Using High-energy Heavy-ion Irradiations
Simulation of Radiation Effects in Structural Materials of Reactors Using High-energy Heavy-ion Irradiations
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发表时间：
2006
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通讯作者：
Wang Zhi-guang
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作者：
Wang Zhi-guang
裂变/聚变反应堆结构材料的辐射损伤主要归因于高能粒子引起的原子位移损伤（n，α和/或裂变碎片）和高速率氦掺杂的直接α粒子轰击和/或（n，α）反应。它会导致反应堆结构材料的严重退化，如表面起泡，体积空隙膨胀，变形，疲劳，脆化，应力冲蚀、腐蚀等严重影响反应堆安全运行的问题，而目前还难以在真实的反应堆中对结构材料在服役末期的性能进行全面的测试。本文简要介绍了反应堆结构材料的损伤过程，然后讨论了高能离子注入/辐照特别是高能重离子辐照的优点，以及几个典型的应用高性能核动力学模拟反应堆候选结构材料辐射效应的实例。介绍了高能重离子辐照技术，实验结果和理论分析表明，高能重离子辐照是模拟反应堆结构材料微观结构和宏观性能演变的一种非常有用的技术。
Radiation damage in structural materials of fission/fusion reactors is mainly attributed to the evolution of intensive atom displacement damage induced by energetic particles(n,α and/or fission fragments) and high-rate helium doping by direct α particle bombardments and/or(n,α) reactions.It can cause severe degradation of reactor structural materials such as surface blistering,bulk void swelling,deformation,fatigue,embrittlement,stress erosion corrosion and so on that will significantly affect the operation safety of reactors.However,up to now,behavior of structural materials at the end of their service can hardly be fully tested in a real reactor.In the present paper,damage process in reactor structural materials is briefly introduced,then the advantages of energetic ion implantation/irradiation especially high-energy heavy ion irradiation are discussed,and several typical examples on simulation of radiation effects in reactor candidate structural materials using high-energy heavy ion irradiations are introduced.Experimental results and theoretical analysis suggested that irradiation with energetic particles especially high-energy heavy ions is a very useful technique for simulating the evolution of microstructures and macro-properties of reactor structural materials.