Global statistics on addictive behaviours: 2014 status report
Global statistics on addictive behaviours: 2014 status report
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DOI：
10.1111/add.12899
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Witton, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gowing, Linda R.;Ali, Robert L.;Witton, John
背景和目的上瘾行为是人类最大的祸害之一。重要的是估计全球和不同地理区域的问题程度。这样的估计是可以得到的，但需要对这些数据进行整理和评估，以得出最好的综合数字。上瘾已委托本论文作为一系列尝试这样做的第一篇。方法通过专家审查确定和评估全球、地区和国家的在线信息来源，了解与酒精使用、烟草使用、未经批准的精神药物使用和赌博有关的流行率和主要危害。主要数据来源是世界卫生组织(世卫组织)、联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室(禁毒办)和艾伯塔省赌博研究所的网站。结果估计有4.9%的世界成年人口(2.4亿人)患有酒精使用障碍(7.8%的男性和1.5%的女性)，酒精导致每100000人口中约257个残疾调整后寿命年的损失。据估计，世界上有22.5%的成年人(10亿人)吸烟(32.0%的男性和7.0%的女性)。据估计，每年11%的男性死亡和6%的女性死亡是由烟草引起的。在未经批准的精神活性药物中，大麻在全球范围内最流行，占3.5%，其他每种药物都在
Background and aimsAddictive behaviours are among the greatest scourges on humankind. It is important to estimate the extent of the problem globally and in different geographical regions. Such estimates are available, but there is a need to collate and evaluate these to arrive at the best available synthetic figures.Addiction has commissioned this paper as the first of a series attempting to do this.MethodsOnline sources of global, regional and national information on prevalence and major harms relating to alcohol use, tobacco use, unsanctioned psychoactive drug use and gambling were identified through expert review and assessed. The primary data sources located were the websites of the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Alberta Gambling Research Institute. Summary statistics were compared with recent publications on the global epidemiology of addictive behaviours.ResultsAn estimated 4.9% of the world's adult population (240million people) suffer from alcohol use disorder (7.8% of men and 1.5% of women), with alcohol causing an estimated 257 disability-adjusted life years lost per 100000 population. An estimated 22.5% of adults in the world (1billion people) smoke tobacco products (32.0% of men and 7.0% of women). It is estimated that 11% of deaths in males and 6% of deaths in females each year are due to tobacco. Of unsanctioned psychoactive drugs', cannabis is the most prevalent at 3.5% globally, with each of the others at