Zoonotic Diseases in Oman: Successes, Challenges, and Future Directions
Zoonotic Diseases in Oman: Successes, Challenges, and Future Directions
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DOI：
10.1089/vbz.2019.2458
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发表时间：
2019-09-05
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Al Hashami, Hilal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Al Awaidy, Salah;Al Hashami, Hilal
目的：本文描述了阿曼地方性和新发人畜共患病的情况分析，包括人畜共患病的预防和控制。它还提出了消除和降低新出现的人畜共患病风险的可能建议。方法：采用流行病学调查资料进行分析。在降低布鲁氏菌病、中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒、克里米亚-刚果出血热和皮肤利什曼病的风险方面取得了重大进展。狂犬病、西尼罗河热、Q热和囊型包虫病仅限于野生动物或牲畜。结果如下：由于旅游和贸易的全球化、发展活动以及气候变化和病媒生物学的影响，阿曼新出现和重新出现的人畜共患病的威胁越来越大。如果没有人类和动物卫生部门之间的部门间合作，就不可能在可持续的基础上预防、控制和随后消除人畜共患病。在阿曼建立这种强有力的合作和协调机制面临挑战。体制和文化障碍、数据和资源共享以及国家快速有效调查人畜共患病感染和人类和动物宿主中新出现的人畜共患病的能力等。结论：根据阿曼过去几十年在预防和控制人畜共患病方面取得的成就，应确定优先消除的人畜共患病，并应继续努力，进一步加强从源头控制人畜共患病的综合多学科和多部门方法。卫生干预措施将包括紧急采取“一个健康”战略方法，以及建立一个强大的综合监测系统，具有强大的实验室调查能力，以消除重点人畜共患病，并最大限度地减少新出现的人畜共患病在阿曼入境、定居和传播的风险。
Objective: This article describes the situation analysis of endemic and emerging zoonoses, and includes prevention and control of zoonoses in Oman. It also suggests possible recommendations toward elimination and risk reduction of emerging zoonoses. Methods: Epidemiologic information has been drawn from official to assess the situation. There has been significant progress in reducing the risk of brucellosis, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Rabies, West Nile fever, Q fever, and cystic hydatid disease have been confined to wildlife or livestock. Results: There is an increasing threat of emerging and re-emerging zoonoses in Oman due to globalization of travel and trade, development activities, and impact of climate change and vector bionomics. Prevention, control, and subsequent elimination of zoonoses on a sustainable basis shall not be possible without intersectoral collaboration between the human and animal health sectors. There are challenges for establishing such strong collaboration and coordination mechanisms in Oman. Institutional and cultural barriers, data and resource sharing, and national capability for rapid and effective investigation of zoonotic infections and emerging zoonoses in humans and animal reservoirs are among others. Conclusions: In the light of achievements made on the prevention and control of zoonoses in Oman during the past decades, priority zoonoses should be identified for elimination, and continuous efforts should be made to further strengthen a holistic multidisciplinary and multisectorial approach for controlling zoonoses at source. Pivotal interventions would include urgent adoption of "One Health" strategic approach as well as establishment of a robust, integrated surveillance system with a strong laboratory investigation capacity to eliminate priority zoonoses and minimize the risk of entry, establishment, and spread of emerging zoonoses in Oman.