Examining the retention of functional kleptoplasts and digestive activity in sacoglossan sea slugs
Examining the retention of functional kleptoplasts and digestive activity in sacoglossan sea slugs
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DOI：
10.1007/s13127-016-0308-0
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Waegele, Heike
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Laetz, Elise M. J.;Ruehr, Peter T.;Waegele, Heike
太阳能海蛞蝓（Sacoglossa：腹足纲）长期以来一直吸引着外行和科学家的注意，因为它们具有从藻类食物中窃取功能性叶绿体的非凡能力，使它们能够承受长时间的饥饿。最近，大量的数据已经揭示了这种显着的关系;然而，控制这一过程的细胞机制仍然是完全未知的。本研究探讨了这些机制，提供了深入了解叶绿体滞留和延迟消化，发生在蛞蝓的消化腺。我们研究功能性叶绿体和溶酶体丰度之间的关系，在饥饿期间，在活的材料，长期保留物种Elysia timida，模棱两可的长期/短期保留Elysia viridis，和短期保留Thuridilla hopei，以阐明消化差异，有助于功能性kleptoplasty的发展。功能性叶绿体和溶酶体丰度测量使用叶绿素a自发荧光和pH依赖性染色吖啶橙子。在每个物种中，叶绿体和溶酶体的数量是间接成正比的，当饥饿开始时，质体密度下降。我们还提出了一个新的FIJI/Image J插件，3D会计和测量插件，3D-AMP，它使大型图像集的可靠分析。
Solar-powered sea slugs (Sacoglossa: Gastropoda) have long captured the attention of laymen and scientists alike due to their remarkable ability to steal functional chloroplasts from their algal food, enslaving them to withstand long starvation periods. Recently, a wealth of data has shed insight into this remarkable relationship; however, the cellular mechanisms governing this process are still completely unknown. This study explores these mechanisms, providing insight into the chloroplast retention and delayed digestion, occurring within the slug's digestive gland. We examine the relationships between functional chloroplast and lysosome abundances during starvation, in live material, for the long-term retaining species Elysia timida, the ambiguous long/short-term retaining Elysia viridis, and the short-term retaining Thuridilla hopei, to elucidate digestive differences that contribute to the development of functional kleptoplasty. Functional chloroplast and lysosome abundance are measured using chlorophyll a autofluorescence and the pH-dependent stain acridine orange. In each species, the number of chloroplasts and lysosomes is indirectly proportional, with the plastid density decreasing when starvation begins. We also present a new FIJI/Image J Plugin, the 3D-Accounting and Measuring Plugin, 3D-AMP, which enables the reliable analysis of large image sets.