THE EFFECT OF MAKE-BELIEVE PLAY ON DEDUCTIVE REASONING
THE EFFECT OF MAKE-BELIEVE PLAY ON DEDUCTIVE REASONING
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DOI：
10.1111/j.2044-835x.1988.tb01095.x
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发表时间：
1988-09-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
HARRIS, PL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DIAS, MG;HARRIS, PL
在某些情况下，演绎或“理论”推理模式在幼儿和文盲成年人中表现出来。在四个实验中，我们询问了4岁、5岁和6岁的儿童是否能够将他们的演绎能力扩展到与他们的实际世界知识相违背的三段论。在实验1中，前提是在游戏的背景下，使用合适的玩具和道具，或在普通的口头模式。包括已知、未知和相反事实的三段论。儿童在口头模式下的表现不如在游戏环境下的表现准确，特别是当前提中包含有相反事实的三段论时。实验2、3和4表明，当问题的前提与儿童的经验相反时，促进儿童推理的是游戏中虚构的情境，而不是游戏中可见的玩具。
Under certain circumstances, a deductive or ''theoretical'' mode of reasoning is revealed among young children, as well as among illiterate adults. In four experiments we asked whether 4-, 5- and 6-year-old children can extend their deductive abilities to syllogisms whose content runs counter to their practical world knowledge. In Experiment 1, premises were presented within the context of play, using suitable toys and props, or in the ordinary verbal mode. Syllogisms with known, unknown as well as contrary facts were included. Children''s performance following presentation in the verbal mode was less accurate than with presentation in the context of play, particularly when syllogisms with contrary facts were included in the premises. Experiments 2, 3 and 4 showed that it is the make-believe context of play rather than the visible presence of toys during play that facilitates children''s reasoning when the premises of the problems run counter to their experience.