Shifting Power Relations in Sustainability Transitions: A Multi-actor Perspective
Shifting Power Relations in Sustainability Transitions: A Multi-actor Perspective
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DOI：
10.1080/1523908x.2015.1112259
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发表时间：
2016-11-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Wittmayer, Julia M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Avelino, Flor;Wittmayer, Julia M.
本文通过概念化（转移）可持续性转型中行动者之间的权力关系，有助于理解转型政治。作者引入了一个多行为者视角，作为一个启发式框架，用于指定（转移）不同类别的行为者在不同聚合水平上的权力关系。首先，概述了在转型研究中如何对待权力和授权，并确定了谁行使权力以及谁被谁授权以及与谁一起授权的剩余问题。本文认为，转型研究中的理论框架和实证分析在区分不同类型和层次的行动者方面缺乏精确性。作为回应，多行动者视角（MaP）被开发出来，它区分了四个部门（国家、市场、社区、第三部门），以及不同聚集水平的行动者：(1)部门、(2)组织行动者和(3)个人行动者。本文接着具体说明MaP如何有助于理解转型政治，特别是在概念化转移的权力关系方面。在整篇论文中，实证例证被用于福利国家改革、公民社会和大社会的公开辩论，以及社区能源倡议的更具体的实证例子。
This paper contributes to understanding transition politics by conceptualizing (shifting) power relations between actors in sustainability transitions. The authors introduce a Multi-actor Perspective as a heuristic framework for specifying (shifting) power relations between different categories of actors at different levels of aggregation. First, an overview is provided of how power and empowerment have been treated in transition research, and remaining questions are identified on who exercises power and who is empowered by and with whom. It is argued that theoretical frameworks and empirical analyses in transition studies lack precision when it comes to distinguishing between different types and levels of actors. In response, a Multi-actor Perspective (MaP) is developed, which distinguishes among four sectors (state, market, community, third sector), and between actors at different levels of aggregation: (1) sectors, (2) organizational actors, and (3) individual actors. The paper moves on to specify how the MaP contributes to understanding transition politics specifically in conceptualizing shifting power relations. Throughout the paper, empirical illustrations are used regarding public debates on welfare state reform, civil society and Big Society', as well as more specific empirical examples of community energy initiatives.