Formulation of Uncertainty Relation Between Error and Disturbance in Quantum Measurement by Using Quantum Estimation Theory
Formulation of Uncertainty Relation Between Error and Disturbance in Quantum Measurement by Using Quantum Estimation Theory
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DOI：
10.1007/978-4-431-54493-7
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发表时间：
2013-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yu Watanabe
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文献类型：
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作者：
Yu Watanabe
本论文应用量子估计理论研究了量子测量中误差和扰动之间的不确定关系。作者认为，澄清误差和干扰可达到的范围的最佳解决方案是调用测量结果的估计过程，例如来自量子光学系统中的光电探测器的信号。成功地用Fisher信息量表示了误差和扰动，并给出了估计精度的上界。此外，还导出了量子测量中的误差和干扰的可达范围。得到的边界首次由可观测量的量子涨落和关联函数确定，它们表征了可观测量的非经典涨落。这一结果提供了我们通过量子测量获得的知识的上限。本文提出的方法将被应用于与量子测量相关的一大类问题，以建立下一代时钟标准，并成功地探测引力波。
In this thesis, quantum estimation theory is applied to investigate uncertainty relations between error and disturbance in quantum measurement. The author argues that the best solution for clarifying the attainable bound of the error and disturbance is to invoke the estimation process from the measurement outcomes such as signals from a photodetector in a quantum optical system. The error and disturbance in terms of the Fisher information content have been successfully formulated and provide the upper bound of the accuracy of the estimation. Moreover, the attainable bound of the error and disturbance in quantum measurement has been derived. The obtained bound is determined for the first time by the quantum fluctuations and correlation functions of the observables, which characterize the non-classical fluctuation of the observables. The result provides the upper bound of our knowledge obtained by quantum measurements. The method developed in this thesis will be applied to a broad class of problems related to quantum measurement to build a next-generation clock standard and to successfully detect gravitational waves.