Improving preschoolers' self-regulation of energy intake
Improving preschoolers' self-regulation of energy intake
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.106.6.1429
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Johnson, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson, SL
背景。儿童在自我调节能量摄入的能力上表现出个体差异。专注于外部信号的喂养策略，比如一天中的时间或盘子里剩下的食物数量，往往会削弱儿童对饥饿和饱腹等内部信号的反应能力。我们研究了是否可以教儿童关注饥饿和饱腹感的内部线索，从而提高他们对能量摄入的自我调节。我们探讨父母的饮食行为和肥胖是否与孩子的自我调节能力和肥胖有关。在测试前和测试后的设计中，学龄前儿童参加了单餐方案，以评估他们自我调节食物摄入的个人能力。在为期6周的干预期间，孩子们参加了旨在帮助他们识别内部线索的个人和小组活动。家长填写关于成人饮食限制和解除抑制的问卷。在基线上，我们发现儿童的饮食调节存在很大的个体差异：一些孩子吃得过多，一些孩子调节得准确，而另一些孩子则吃得过少。在基线上，孩子的饮食与他们的肥胖和母亲的解除抑制有关：体重较重的孩子和母亲报告难以控制食物摄入的孩子表现出较少的自我调节证据。暴饮暴食者和饮食不足者都对干预有反应，自我调节能力提高，儿童的饮食与母亲的饮食不再显著相关。儿童的能量摄入失调与母亲的体重状况和母亲对饮食的感知控制有关。可以提供线索，帮助儿童关注内部信号，提高他们自我调节能量摄入的能力。
Background. Children exhibit individual differences in their ability to self-regulate energy intake. Feeding strategies that focus on external signals, like the time of day or amount of food left on a plate, tend to diminish children's ability to respond to internal cues of hunger and fullness.Objectives. We investigated whether children could be taught to focus on internal cues of hunger and satiety, and consequently improve their self-regulation of energy intake. We explored whether parents' eating behaviors and adiposity were related to their children's self-regulation skills and adiposity.Design. In a pretest and posttest design, preschoolers participated in single-meal protocols to assess their individual ability to self-regulate food intake. During a 6-week intervention period, children took part in individual and group activities designed to help them recognize internal cues. Parents completed questionnaires regarding adult dietary restraint and disinhibition.Results. At baseline, we found a large individual variability in children's regulation: some children overate, some regulated accurately, and others underate. At baseline, children's eating related to their adiposity and to mothers' disinhibition: heavier children and children whose mothers' reported difficulty controlling food intake showed less evidence of self-regulation. Both overeaters and undereaters responded to the intervention, improving their ability to self-regulate, and children's eating was no longer significantly related to mother's eating.Conclusions. Children's disregulated energy intake is related to mothers' weight status and mothers' perceived control over eating. Cues can be provided that help children to focus on internal signals and improve their ability to self-regulate energy intake.