The development of the Norwegian Petroleum Innovation System: A historical overview
The development of the Norwegian Petroleum Innovation System: A historical overview
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挪威石油创新系统的发展：历史概述
DOI：
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199551552.003.0007
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
O. A. Engen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O. A. Engen
本文论述了挪威石油创新系统的发展。挪威石油创新系统的特点一方面是解决挪威大陆架生产和作业瓶颈的能力日益增强，另一方面是一个渐进的学习过程，使大部分挪威人能够参与石油业务。虽然挪威在六十年代石油开发的最初阶段的特点是吸收新技术的能力，但挪威在七十年代和八十年代的能力建设在某些方面是由公共政策直接决定的，以便参与。有了康迪普的设计，挪威独立的石油工业成为可能。挪威生产商和供应商公司的发展标志着挪威的石油活动正在进入一个新的阶段。在挪威石油的研发体系中，教育和研究分为几个层次。由于90年代引入了新的成本效益技术，我们可以说，到21世纪初，这种调整已经结束。挪威的石油和天然气参与者认为他们已经准备好充分参与国际能源生产者体系。
This paper addresses the development of the Norwegian Petroleum Innovation System. The characteristics of the Norwegian Petroleum Innovation System were on the one hand the increasing ability to solve bottlenecks connected to production and operation on the Norwegian shelf, and on the other a gradual learning process which enabled a large portion of Norwegian participation in the petroleum business. While the initial phase of the petroleum development of Norway in the sixties was characterised by an absorptive capacity of receiving new technology, the building of Norwegian competence in the seventies and eighties was in certain respects directly shaped by public policy in order to participate. With the Condeep design it became possible to speak of an independent Norwegian petroleum industry. The development of Norwegian producer and supplier companies signified that petroleum activity in Norway was entering a new phase. In the R&D System of Norway petroleum education and research were introduced at several levels. Due to new cost efficient technologies introduced in the nineties, we may say that the adjustment was concluded by the beginning of 21st century. The Norwegian oil and gas actors perceived themselves ready to fully participate in the international system of energy producers.