Cognitive predictors of sentence comprehension in children with and without developmental language disorder: Implications for assessment and treatment.
Cognitive predictors of sentence comprehension in children with and without developmental language disorder: Implications for assessment and treatment.
复制标题
有和没有发展性语言障碍的儿童句子理解的认知预测因素：评估和治疗的意义。
DOI：
10.1080/17549507.2018.1559883
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Gillam,SandraL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gillam,RonaldB;Montgomery,JamesW;Evans,JuliaL;Gillam,SandraL
目的：本文总结了一项大规模研究的临床结果，该研究涉及四种认知机制的直接和间接（介导）影响，这些认知机制与患有和不患有发展性语言障碍（DLD）的学龄儿童句法结构的理解有关。方法：共有 117 名患有发展性语言障碍（DLD）的儿童和 117 名倾向匹配的典型发展（TD）儿童完成了句子理解任务和与流畅推理、控制注意力、处理速度相关的认知任务，语音短期记忆（pSTM）、复杂工作记忆（cWM）和长期记忆中的语言知识。结果：验证性因子分析（CFA）的结果表明，患有和不患有DLD的儿童认知加工的最显着特征是由一个测量模型代表的，该模型包括四个潜在变量：流体推理、控制性注意力、复杂WM和LTM中的语言知识。结构方程模型（SEM）表明，复杂WM介导了句子理解与流畅推理、控制性注意力和语言知识的长期记忆之间的关系。结论：我们的研究表明，患有和不患有DLD的儿童认知加工的最显着特征可以浓缩为四个认知因素：流畅推理、控制性注意力、复杂WM和LTM中的语言知识。我们建议临床医生可以使用一些措施来可靠地评估这些因素，并且我们总结了一个功能干预计划，该计划旨在以挑战支持语言理解和使用的言语复杂 WM 和 LTM 过程的方式促进信息的战略组织。
Purpose:This paper summarises the clinical ramification of a large-scale study of the direct and indirect (mediated) influences of four cognitive mechanisms that are relevant to the comprehension of syntactic structure by school-age children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD).Method:A total of 117 children with DLD and 117 propensity-matched typically-developing (TD) children completed sentence comprehension tasks and cognitive tasks related to fluid reasoning, controlled attention, speed of processing, phonological short-term memory (pSTM), complex working memory (cWM) and language knowledge in long-term memory (LTM).Result:Results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that the most salient characteristics of cognitive processing in children with and without DLD were represented by a measurement model that included four latent variables: fluid reasoning, controlled attention, complex WM and language knowledge in LTM. Structural equation modelling (SEM) indicated that complex WM mediated the relationship between sentence comprehension and fluid reasoning, controlled attention and long-term memory for language knowledge.Conclusion:Our research suggests that the most salient characteristics of cognitive processing in children with and without DLD can be condensed to four cognitive factors: fluid reasoning, controlled attention, complex WM and language knowledge in LTM. We suggest a few measures that clinicians can use to reliably assess these factors, and we summarise a functional intervention programme that is designed to promote the strategic organisation of information in ways that challenge verbal complex WM and LTM processes that support language comprehension and use.