Salty groundwater flow in the shallow and deep aquifer systems of the Schleswig–Holstein area (North German Basin)

Salty groundwater flow in the shallow and deep aquifer systems of the Schleswig–Holstein area (North German Basin)
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石勒苏益格加荷尔斯泰因地区(北德盆地)浅层和深层含水层系统中的咸地下水流

DOI:
10.1016/j.tecto.2008.04.019
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发表时间:
2008
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Maiwald U.
Maiwald U.
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Magri F;Bayer U;Pekdeger A;Otto R;Thomsen C;Maiwald U.

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在石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因地区,咸地下水在空间上并不总是与浅层结构的存在相关。此外,水化学数据表明盐度分布不稳定,并且靠近地表的深层盐水的出现。因此,浅层和深层溶质迁移之间必然发生复杂的相互作用。为了了解浅层盐溶解和年轻地质特征对地下水流的作用,并研究浅层和深层含水层系统之间的相互关系,进行了流体流动、质量和热量传输的数值模拟。为此,构建了浅层(−500 m)和深层模型(−5 km)。结果表明,研究区内不同流态共存。浅层卤水运移受盆地盐翼、冰川河道、砂层等地质特征的强烈控制。此外,浅层盐溶解是深层含水层重力对流的主要原因。这种来自上方的盐化源导致在 2 公里深度形成不稳定的盐度剖面。盆地东部存在浅层和深层流体流动之间的进一步相互作用,那里的盐水上升是由于地形驱动的流动和温盐对流造成的。模拟还表明,地层单元的水力传导率影响区域范围内的盐水状况。重力对流很可能发生在位于浅层盐结构附近的渗透单元中,而温盐对流则持续存在于盐溶解不是主要过程的厚渗透区域中。本研究为流体盆地过程提供了新的见解。所描述的水流可能在任何有盐底辟的地热盆地中形成,这些盐底辟会刺穿浅层含水层系统。
In the Schleswig–Holstein area, salty groundwaters are not always spatially related to the presence of shallow sat structures. Furthermore, hydrochemical data point to instable salinity profiles and to the occurrences of deep brines close to the surface. Therefore, complex interaction between shallow and deep solute migration must occur. Numerical simulation of fluid flow, mass and heat transport have been carried out in order to understand the role of shallow salt dissolution and young geological features on groundwater flow as well as to investigate the interrelationships between shallow and deep aquifer systems. For these purposes, a shallow (−500 m) and a deep profile model (−5 km) have been constructed. The results indicate that different flow regimes coexist within the study area. Shallow brine migration is strongly controlled by the geological features of the basin such as salt flank, glacial channels and sand layers. Furthermore, shallow salt dissolution is the major cause for gravitational convection in the deeper aquifers. This source of salinization from above leads to the formation of instable salinity profiles at 2 km depth. Further interactions between shallow and deep fluid flow exist in the eastern part of the basin where brine upconing is due to both topography-driven flow and thermohaline convection. The simulations also showed that the hydraulic conductivity of the stratigraphic units influences the brine regime on a regional-scale. Gravitational convection is likely to occur in permeable units located near shallow salt structures, while thermohaline convection persists within thick permeable areas in which salt dissolution is not the dominant process. The presented study provides new insights into fluid basin processes. The described flows could develop in any geothermal basin hosting salt diapirs which pierce shallow aquifer systems.
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