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DOI：
10.1101/gad.4.12b.2235
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发表时间：
1990-12
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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现在发现的编码核蛋白的原癌基因包括myc、myb、fos、jun、ski、cbl、EIBA、ETS家族的成员，可能还有其他几个。鉴于如此多的细胞质和膜相关的癌蛋白参与信号转导通路，一个相当吸引人的概念是，由这些基因编码的部分或全部核癌蛋白可能对最初在质膜或细胞质中产生的信号起中介作用(参见温伯格)。在过去的几年里，一些这样的癌蛋白，包括Erba，Fos，Jun和最近的Ets，已经被证明直接参与转录调控。具有讽刺意味的是，Myc和Myb这两个最早被发现定位于细胞核的癌蛋白似乎没有得到功能鉴定。然而，最近的证据表明，Myb也在转录中发挥作用，尽管Myc一直是不可理解的堡垒，但新的研究已经开始让这种神秘的蛋白质得到更清晰的关注。乍一看，Myc和Myb似乎没有什么共同之处，除了两者都主要局限于NU-cleus这一事实。它们在结构上有很大的不同，表达模式也相当不同，Myc几乎存在于所有类型的细胞中，而Myb仅限于造血细胞。然而，这两种癌蛋白的功能似乎都与增殖有关，而且这些癌蛋白显然在细胞分化中发挥着重要作用。此外，最近的工作为这两种癌蛋白带来了一些新的曙光，在接下来的文章中，我们试图将较老的蛋白与与可能的功能相关的较新证据结合起来。这篇评论将分两个部分进行。在第一部分中，我们考虑与Myc的结构和潜在功能有关的研究；第二部分，将在下一期中出现，将讨论关于Myb的最新发现。
The group of proto-oncogen es found to encode nuclear proteins now includes myc, myb, fos, jun, ski, cbl, eibA, members of the ets family^ and possibly several others. Given that so many cytoplasmic and membrane-asso ciated oncoproteins are involved in signal transduction pathways, one rather appealing notion has been that some or all of the nuclear oncoproteins encoded by these genes might act to mediate specific transcriptional re sponses to signals originally generated in the plasma membrane or cytoplasm (for review, see Weinberg 1989). During the last several years, a number of these onco proteins, including ErbA, Fos, Jun and, most recently, Ets, have been demonstrated to be directly involved in transcriptional regulation. It is somewhat ironic that Myc and Myb, two of the first oncoproteins to be shown localized to the nucleus, have appeared to elude func tional characterization. However, recent evidence has demonstrated that Myb also functions in transcription and, while Myc has remained a citadel of incomprehen sibility, new studies have begun to bring this mysterious protein into sharper focus. At first glance, Myc and Myb would appear to have little in common, aside from the fact that both are predominantly localized in the nu cleus. They are quite different structurally and their pat terns of expression are also rather distinct, with Myc present in nearly all cell types while Myb is restricted to hematopoietic cells. However, the functions of both of these oncoproteins appear to be linked to proliferation , and these oncoproteins clearly play major roles in cell differentiation. Furthermore, recent work has cast some new light on both oncoproteins, and in what follows we attempt to meld older with more recent evidence re lating to possible functions. This review will appear in two segments. In part I we consider studies relating to the structure and potential function of Myc; part II, to appear in the next issue, will discuss recent findings on Myb.