Process-Morphology-Property-Relationships of Titania-filled Polypropylene Nanocomposites
Process-Morphology-Property-Relationships of Titania-filled Polypropylene Nanocomposites
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二氧化钛填充聚丙烯纳米复合材料的工艺-形貌-性能-关系
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Suksut
中科院分区：
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作者：
A. Schlarb;Leyu Lin;Dwi N. Suwitaningsih;B. Suksut
尽管纳米复合材料的研究和开发近十年来都集中在结构性能上，但这些性能直到今天仍然远远低于
的期望，这是在新千年之初所预测的。然而，即使众所周知，加工历史对最终部件的结构和性能有重大影响，但这方面过去并没有得到深入研究。演讲的重点是制造顺序对聚丙烯基纳米复合材料的形态和性能的作用。一般来说，可以说，只要纳米填料团聚体能够良好分散和分布，纳米级 TiO2 填料的掺入就能改善所得纳米复合材料的一些机械性能。然而，随着填料填充量的增加，注塑零件的形态发生变化：球晶的尺寸和结晶度降低，而结晶/凝固进行得更快。同时，在达到一定填料含量的情况下，可以发现机械性能略有改善。然而，如果需要在后续焊接步骤中生产纳米复合材料，则无法利用最终部件中纳米复合材料改进的机械性能。机械性能下降的原因是填料的添加导致粘度降低，从而导致极端的流动过程和随后的填料取向以及焊接区填料/基体界面相的弱化。总之，可以看出，纳米复合材料越来越多地为单组分材料达到其极限的应用提供了巨大的机会。成功的关键在于加工。因此，了解和控制整个制造历史至关重要。只有这样，才有可能可持续地发挥聚合物纳米复合材料在应用中的潜力。
Although the research and development of nanocomposites for almost a decade focused on structural properties, these properties remained until today far below
expectations, which were forecast at the beginning of the new millennium. However, even if it is well known that the processing history has a major impact on the structure and properties of final components, this aspect was not subject of intensive research in the past. The talk focuses on the role of the manufacturing sequence on the morphology and properties of polypropylene based nanocomposites. In general it can be stated that the incorporation of nano-sized TiO2-fillers improves the some mechanical properties of the resulting nanocomposites as long as the production enables a good dispersion and distribution of the nanofiller agglomerates. However, with increasing filler loading, the morphology of injection molded parts changes: The size of the spherulites and the degree of crystallinity decreases while the crystallization/solidification proceeds faster. Simultaneously a slight improvement in the mechanical performance up to a certain filler loading can be found. However, improved mechanical properties of the nanocomposites in the final component cannot be exploited if its production in a subsequent welding step is required. The reason for the decrease in the mechanical properties is the decrease in the viscosity by the addition of the fillers, and thereby caused extreme flow processes and subsequent orientation of the fillers as well as the weakening of the filler/matrix-interphase in the welding zone. In summary, it can be observed that nanocomposites increasingly offer great opportunities for applications where single-component materials reach their limits. The key to success is the processing. Therefore it is of crucial importance that the total manufacturing history is understood and controlled. Only then it is possible to sustainably exploit the potential of polymer nanocomposites in the application.