HEART-RATE AND OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION DURING ACTIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL CHALLENGE - THE EFFECTS OF LEVEL OF DIFFICULTY
HEART-RATE AND OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION DURING ACTIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL CHALLENGE - THE EFFECTS OF LEVEL OF DIFFICULTY
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8986.1986.tb00613.x
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发表时间：
1986-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
HELLAWELL, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CARROLL, D;TURNER, JR;HELLAWELL, JC
心率和各种代谢和排泄指数进行了监测，而24名年轻男性从事两个心理上具有挑战性的任务，心算和乌鸦的矩阵。每项任务的结构都以三个难度级别呈现主题：容易，困难和不可能。当受试者在自行车测力计上进行分级等张运动时也进行了测量;对于每名受试者，将心率与各种运动负荷下的耗氧量绘制成图。知道在心理任务期间的氧气消耗，这些回归方程允许计算在每个任务条件期间的预期心率，并且因此计算作为实际心率值和预测心率值之间的差的“额外心率”。心脏活动，无论是表示为额外的心率或作为休息和任务心率水平之间的差异，是敏感的难度水平的变化。在这两项任务中，容易的条件引起的心脏活动明显少于困难和不可能的条件。耗氧量和二氧化碳产生量的变化并没有明显变化。受试者的主动参与和唤醒的自我报告与心脏效应相一致;在两项任务中，容易的条件被认为是相对不参与和不唤起的。
Heart rate and various metabolic and ventilatory indices were monitored while 24 young males engaged in two psychologically challenging tasks, mental arithmetic and Raven's matrices. Each task was structured to present subjects with three levels of difficulty: easy, hard, and impossible. Measurements were also made while subjects undertook graded isotonic exercise on a bicycle ergometer; for each subject, heart rate was plotted against oxygen consumption over the various exercise loads. Knowing oxygen consumption during the psychological tasks, these regression equations permitted the calculation of expected heart rates during each task condition, and thus the computation of ‘additional heart rate’ as the difference between actual and predicted heart rate values. Cardiac activity, whether represented as additional heart rate or as the difference between resting and task heart rate levels, was sensitive to variations in difficulty level. In both tasks the easy condition elicited significantly less cardiac activity than both the hard and the impossible conditions. Changes in oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production did not vary significantly with difficulty. Subjects' self‐reports of active engagement and arousal paralleled the cardiac effects; in both tasks the easy condition was experienced as relatively unengaging and unarousing.