GENERALIZED RAKING PROCEDURES IN SURVEY SAMPLING
GENERALIZED RAKING PROCEDURES IN SURVEY SAMPLING
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DOI：
10.2307/2290793
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发表时间：
1993-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
SAUTORY, O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DEVILLE, JC;SARNDAL, CE;SAUTORY, O
我们建议将本文中开发的程序类命名为广义耙取，因为W。E.德明是一种特殊情况，广义耙可以用于估计调查与辅助信息的形式在频率表中的已知边缘计数在两个或更多的维度。广义排序权重的一个重要性质是，当应用于定义频率表的分类变量时，它们再现已知的边际计数。我们的出发点是一类距离测度和一组原始权重，其形式为标准采样权重1/pi（k），其中pi（k）是元素k的包含概率。通过最小化原始权重和新权重之间的总距离来导出新权重。本文在三个方面作出了贡献：（1）基于估计细胞数的有条件统计推断，（2）广义Raking估计量方差估计的简单计算，（3）介绍新的计算机软件卡尔马。我们的条件方法强调了定义频率表的因素之间的相互作用所起的作用。缺乏相互作用意味着广义耙是有效的完全后分层。我们提出的方差估计值是借助于方差分析（ANOVA）模型拟合的残差计算的。最近在I.N.S.E.E.开发的卡尔马软件，现在在各种国家调查中用于计算广义耙重。我们说明它的使用与援助的数据，从1990年的生活条件调查在法国。在这个应用程序中，一个表在七个维度与已知的边际计数用于广义耙。
We propose the name generalized raking for the class of procedures developed in this article, because the classical raking ratio of W. E. Deming is a special case, Generalized raking can be used for estimation in surveys with auxiliary information in the form of known marginal counts in a frequency table in two or more dimensions. An important property of the generalized raking weights is that they reproduce the known marginal counts when applied to the categorical variables that define the frequency table. Our starting point is a class of distance measures and a set of original weights in the form of the standard sampling weights 1/pi(k), where pi(k) is the inclusion probability of element k. New weights are derived by minimizing the total distance between original weights and new weights. The article makes contributions in three areas: (1) statistical inference conditionally on estimated cell counts, (2) simple calculation of variance estimates for the generalized raking estimators, and (3) presentation of the new computer software CALMAR. Our conditional approach highlights the role played by interaction between the factors that define the frequency table. Absence of interaction implies that generalized raking is as efficient as complete post-stratification. The variance estimates we propose are calculated with the aid of the residuals from the fit of an additive analysis of variance (ANOVA) model. The CALMAR software, recently developed at I.N.S.E.E., is now used in various national surveys for calculating generalized raking weights. We illustrate its use with the aid of data from the 1990 survey of living conditions in France. In this application a table in seven dimensions with known marginal counts is used for generalized raking.