Alcohol, tobacco and marijuana use among pregnant teenagers: 6-year follow-up of offspring growth effects
Alcohol, tobacco and marijuana use among pregnant teenagers: 6-year follow-up of offspring growth effects
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DOI：
10.1016/s0892-0362(02)00271-4
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Larkby, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cornelius, MD;Goldschmidt, L;Larkby, C
这项前瞻性研究评估了母亲孕期饮酒、吸烟和吸食大麻与6岁时儿童生长发育的关系。在这群怀孕的青少年及其子女中，母亲是从1990年至1995年期间从一家城市产前诊所招募的，并从她们出生的第四个月开始观察。在分娩评估中，有413名活生生的单身人士。在为期6年的访问中，345名儿童和母亲接受了评估。在对其他产前药物使用、当前母亲药物使用、当前环境烟草暴露(ETS)以及社会人口学和生长相关的协变量进行统计控制后，产前酒精和大麻暴露与生长缺陷显著相关。妊娠中期和晚期的酒精暴露与子代身高之间存在显著的负相关。妊娠晚期饮酒可预测皮褶厚度减少。孕中期接触任何一种产前大麻都与身材矮小显著相关。在6岁的儿童中，怀孕早期接触烟草与皮褶厚度增加有关。尽管孕期酒精暴露水平较低，但产前酒精暴露对出生时生长的影响在年龄较大的儿童中持续存在。出生前接触大麻对身高降低的影响是没有预料到的，只有当使用被归类为有/没有时才会发生。这些数据与一项新出现的证据相一致，该证据表明，与孕期吸烟相关的发育缺陷--这在出生时就很明显--相反，与产前饮酒相关的矮小身高在童年时期仍然明显。(C)2002 Elsevier Science Inc.保留所有权利。
This prospective study evaluated the relations between maternal alcohol, tobacco and marijuana use during pregnancy and children's growth at 6 years. In this cohort of pregnant teenagers and their offspring, mothers were recruited from an urban prenatal clinic between 1990 and 1995, and observed from their fourth prenatal month. At the delivery assessment, there were 413 live-born singletons. At the 6-year visit, 345 children and mothers were evaluated. Prenatal alcohol and marijuana exposure were significantly associated with growth deficits, after controlling statistically for other prenatal substance use, current maternal substance use, current environmental tobacco exposure (ETS) and sociodemographic and growth-related covariates. There was a significant negative association between the second and third trimester alcohol exposure and offspring height. Third trimester alcohol exposure predicted reduced skinfold thickness. Exposure to any prenatal marijuana in the second trimester was significantly associated with shorter stature. First trimester tobacco exposure was associated with increased skinfold thickness among the 6-year-olds. The effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on growth at birth persisted in older children despite a low level of exposure during gestation. Effects of prenatal marijuana exposure on reduced height were not anticipated and occurred only when use was categorized as any/none. These data are consistent with an emerging body of evidence indicating that, by contrast to the growth deficits associated with smoking during pregnancy, which are evident at birth, the shorter stature associated with prenatal alcohol exposure continues to be evident during childhood. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.