Detection and quantification of anthropogenic titanium-, cerium-, and lanthanum-bearing home dust particles
Detection and quantification of anthropogenic titanium-, cerium-, and lanthanum-bearing home dust particles
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人为含钛、铈和镧的家庭灰尘颗粒的检测和定量
DOI：
10.1039/d2en00890d
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Baalousha, Mohammed
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nabi, Md Mahmudun;Wang, Jingjing;Baalousha, Mohammed
从美国南卡罗来纳州哥伦比亚不同地点的11个家庭的供暖、通风和空调（HVAC）过滤器表面收集家庭灰尘样品。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测量粉尘中的本体金属浓度。<450 nm颗粒中基于尺寸的元素分布通过与ICP-MS耦合的不对称流场流动分级（AF 4）来确定。本体Ti/Nb比通常高于（高达5609）天然背景比（例如，320），表明家庭灰尘与TiO 2工程颗粒的污染。在<450 nm的部分中基于尺寸的Ti/Nb比与天然背景比相似，表明在该尺寸部分中含Ti颗粒的天然来源，并且随后人为含Ti颗粒（TiO 2）与>450 nm的颗粒相关，这是由于聚集或其作为大颗粒释放。通过使用总Ti浓度和Ti/Nb比高于天然背景比的增加的质量平衡计算来估计TiO 2工程颗粒的浓度。它们在0和13 300 mg TiO 2 kg−1之间变化。 上地壳标准化稀土元素模式显示La和Ce正异常。铈和镧异常的大小分别为0.8至1.6和0.7至3.95，表明几个家庭的灰尘与Ce和La的污染。大量人为Ce和La的浓度是根据质量平衡计算和异常大小估计的，分别在0和5.7 ± 2.2 mg Ce kg−1之间和0和21.1 ± 7.4 mg La kg−1之间变化。<450 nm级分中基于尺寸的Ce/La比低于天然背景比，表明该尺寸级分被纳米尺寸的含La颗粒污染。人为的Ti和La的浓度在家庭灰尘是由于释放油漆在家庭装修。这意味着建筑工人在家庭装修期间接触含钛和镧的颗粒可能会对人体健康造成潜在风险。
Home dust samples were collected from the surface of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) filters from eleven homes at different locations in Columbia, South Carolina, USA. Bulk metal concentrations in the dusts were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Size-based elemental distributions in the <450 nm particles were determined by asymmetrical flow-field flow fractionation (AF4) coupled to ICP-MS. The bulk Ti/Nb ratios are generally higher (up to 5609) than the natural background ratios (e.g., 320), indicating contamination of home dusts with TiO2-engineered particles. Size-based Ti/Nb ratios in the <450 nm fraction are similar to the natural background ratio, indicating a natural origin of Ti-bearing particles in this size fraction, and subsequently that anthropogenic Ti-bearing particles (TiO2) are associated with particles >450 nm either due to aggregation or to their release as large particles. The concentrations of TiO2-engineered particles were estimated by mass balance calculations using total Ti concentrations and increases in Ti/Nb ratios above the natural background ratio. They vary between 0 and 13 300 mg TiO2 kg−1. The upper crustal-normalized rare earth element pattern indicates a positive La and Ce anomaly. The size of the cerium and lanthanum anomalies varies from 0.8 to 1.6 and 0.7 to 3.95, respectively, indicating contamination of several home dusts with Ce and La. The concentrations of bulk anthropogenic Ce and La were estimated based on mass balance calculations and anomaly size and varied between 0 and 5.7 ± 2.2 mg Ce kg−1 and 0 and 21.1 ± 7.4 mg La kg−1, respectively. Size-based Ce/La ratios in the <450 nm fraction are lower than the natural background ratio, indicating contamination of this size fraction with nanosized La-bearing particles. Anthropogenic Ti and La concentrations in home dust are attributed to releases from paint during home renovation. This implies that exposure of construction workers to Ti- and La-bearing particles during home renovation may potentially pose human health risks.