Sex differential nectar secretion in protandrous Alstroemeria aurea (Alstroemeriaceae):: is production altered by pollen removal and receipt?
Sex differential nectar secretion in protandrous Alstroemeria aurea (Alstroemeriaceae):: is production altered by pollen removal and receipt?
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DOI：
10.2307/2446312
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发表时间：
1998-02-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Basilio, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aizen, MA;Basilio, A
我们研究了原雄蜂Alstroemeria aurea在两性阶段的昼夜花蜜分泌，这是一种原产于安第斯山脉南部的大黄蜂授粉的草本植物，花寿命很长。结果表明：(1)雌雄花蜜的分泌量是雌雄花蜜分泌量的3倍，这不仅是因为雌雄花蜜持续的时间更长，而且雌雄花蜜的分泌速度也更高。这种3:1的花蜜生产比例与大黄蜂达到饱和雄性（花粉去除）和雌性（种子设置）功能所需的平均最小访问次数的比例相匹配。另一方面，开放的雄花和雌花的直立花蜜产量并没有太大的差异，因为高产的雄花比雌花被访问的频率更高。在一个实验中，我们从花药中取出花粉，或者用手将花粉沉积在柱头上。这两种处理都没有影响花蜜的产生，这两种处理都是为了模仿Alstroemeria的本地大黄蜂传粉者的访问效果而设计的。与授粉事件相关的花蜜分泌缺乏可塑性可能反映了花蜜生产的低成本，或者可能是由于与金毛金莲特征的同步原生体进化相关的发育限制。
We examined diurnal and nocturnal nectar secretion across sexual stages in protandrous Alstroemeria aurea, a bumble bee-pollinated herb with long-lived flowers native to the southern Andes. We found the following patterns: (1) most nectar was produced diurnally and (2) three times more sugar was secreted during the male than female phase, not only because the male phase lasted longer but also because the rate of nectar production was higher. This 3:1 ratio in nectar production matched the ratio of the minimum number of bumble bee visits required on average to saturate male (pollen removal) vs. female (seed set) functions. Standing crop of nectar, on the other hand, did not differ greatly between male-and female-stage flowers left open to visitors, because the high-production male-phase flowers were visited more frequently than female-phase flowers. In an experiment concurrent with the repeated nectar sampling of individual flowers over their life-span, we removed pollen from anthers or deposited pollen on stigmas by hand. Neither treatment, designed to mimic effects of visits by Alstroemeria's native bumble bee pollinator, affected nectar production. The absence of plasticity in nectar secretion in relation to pollination events may reflect a low cost of nectar production, or may result from developmental constraints related to the evolution of the synchronous protandry that characterizes A. aurea.