Comparison of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Road Transport Emissions through High-Resolution Air Quality Modeling in a City of Complex Orography
Comparison of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Road Transport Emissions through High-Resolution Air Quality Modeling in a City of Complex Orography
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DOI：
10.3390/atmos12111372
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发表时间：
2021-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Aristizabal, Beatriz H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cifuentes, Felipe;Gonzalez, Carlos M.;Aristizabal, Beatriz H.
车辆排放是城市环境污染的主要来源。然而，车辆行为固有的复杂性是排放清单（EI）不确定性的来源。我们比较了哥伦比亚马尼萨莱斯道路运输 EI 估算的自下而上和自上而下的方法。使用 COPERT 模型估算 EI，并将两种方法的结果与官方自上而下的 EI（根据 IVE 方法估算）进行比较。交通模型PTV-VISUM用于自下而上估计中获取特定活动信息（交通量、车速）。 COPERT 的结果显示，自上而下方法的排放量低于自下而上方法的排放量，主要是 NMVOC (-28%)、PM10 (-26%) 和 CO (-23%)。比较表明，COPERT 估计的排放量低于 IVE，但 PM10、NOX 和 CH4 等物种的差异高于 40%。此外，WRF-Chem 模型还用于测试 CO、O-3、PM10 和 PM2.5 预测对所评估的不同 EI 的敏感性。所有研究的污染物都对 EI 中实施的排放因子表现出很强的敏感性。 COPERT/自上而下是产生更严重错误的 EI。这项工作表明了执行自下而上的 EI 以减少自上而下的活动数据的不确定性的重要性。
Vehicular emissions are a predominant source of pollution in urban environments. However, inherent complexities of vehicular behavior are sources of uncertainties in emission inventories (EIs). We compare bottom-up and top-down approaches for estimating road transport EIs in Manizales, Colombia. The EIs were estimated using a COPERT model, and results from both approaches were also compared with the official top-down EI (estimated from IVE methodology). The transportation model PTV-VISUM was used for obtaining specific activity information (traffic volumes, vehicular speed) in bottom-up estimation. Results from COPERT showed lower emissions from the top-down approach than from the bottom-up approach, mainly for NMVOC (-28%), PM10 (-26%), and CO (-23%). Comparisons showed that COPERT estimated lower emissions than IVE, with higher differences than 40% for species such as PM10, NOX, and CH4. Furthermore, the WRF-Chem model was used to test the sensitivity of CO, O-3, PM10, and PM2.5 predictions to the different EIs evaluated. All studied pollutants exhibited a strong sensitivity to the emission factors implemented in EIs. The COPERT/top-down was the EI that produced more significant errors. This work shows the importance of performing bottom-up EI to reduce the uncertainty regarding top-down activity data.