Social support and cardiovascular reactivity
Social support and cardiovascular reactivity
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DOI：
10.1016/s0753-3322(00)80067-0
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发表时间：
2000-06-01
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Gerin, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christenfeld, N;Gerin, W
最近关于社会支持在缓冲心血管应激反应中的益处的实验工作建立在先前的流行病学、心理学和生理学工作的基础上。流行病学数据显示，社会融合与更好的健康状况有关，但不能明确地确定因果关系（可能是健康的人吸引更多的朋友），也不能确定这种机制是心理上的（这种机制可能是行为上的，例如，朋友鼓励锻炼）。社会心理学研究表明，人们更喜欢和别人在一起，尤其是在有压力的时候，他们通过观察周围的人来评估自己和自己的情绪反应。这项工作虽然建立了一种联系的愿望，但并没有表明与他人在一起会带来健康的好处。生理证据表明，心血管对压力的过度反应与高血压和心血管疾病的发展有关，但没有表明如何减少这种潜在的破坏性压力反应。社会支持和心血管反应的实验工作克服了许多这些限制。与不支持同伴的存在和独自承受压力相比，同伴的存在，尤其是女性的存在，显著降低了心血管反应。一个值得进一步研究的领域是社会支持在压力后的作用，既可以加速心血管恢复到压力前的水平，也可以限制反刍引起的心血管反应。(C) 2000年版《科学与医学》Elsevier SAS。
Recent experimental work on the benefits of social support in buffering cardiovascular stress responses builds on prior epidemiological, psychological, and physiological work. Epidemiological data show that social integration is associated with better health, but cannot unambiguously establish causality tit could be that healthy people attract more friends), nor that the mechanism is psychological (the mechanism could be behavioral; for example, with friends encouraging exercise). Social psychological work suggests that people prefer to be with others, especially in times of stress, and that they evaluate themselves, and their emotional responses, by observing the people around them. This work, while establishing a desire for affiliation, does not show that being with others translates into hearth benefits. Physiological evidence suggests that exaggerated cardiovascular responses to stress are associated with the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, but does not indicate how such potentially damaging stress responses can be reduced. Experimental work on social support and cardiovascular reactivity overcomes many of these limitations. The presence of an ally, especially a female, markedly reduces cardiovascular responses compared both to the presence of an non-supportive other, and to experiencing the stress alone. One fruitful area for further work is the role of social support following stress, both in speeding the cardiovascular return to pre-stress levels, and in limiting rumination-induced cardiovascular responses. (C) 2000 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS.