The association between anti-immigrant policies and perceived discrimination among Latinos in the US: A multilevel analysis.
The association between anti-immigrant policies and perceived discrimination among Latinos in the US: A multilevel analysis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.11.003
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发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Viruell-Fuentes E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Almeida J;Biello KB;Pedraza F;Wintner S;Viruell-Fuentes E
研究发现，歧视与健康和福祉之间存在很强的反向关联。这些研究大多是在非裔美国人中进行的，并在个人层面上研究了这种关系。为了填补这些知识的空白，我们估计了在美国的拉丁美洲成年人的全国代表性样本之间的歧视感知的患病率，并调查了国家一级的反移民政策和感知的歧视之间的关联。我们将调查数据与州级反移民政策指数相结合。首先，我们拟合分层逻辑回归模型来检验反移民政策和感知歧视之间的粗糙和调整后的关联。其次，我们指定了跨水平的相互作用条款，以测试这种关联是否因相关的个人特征而不同。近70%的受访者报告受到歧视（68.4%）。更多的反移民政策与更高水平的歧视相关（OR=1.62，95% CI 1.16，2.24，p=0.01）。反移民政策与歧视之间的关联因原籍地而异（p=0.001），并因世代地位而略有缓和（p=0.124）。反移民政策通过创造一个敌对的社会环境，影响他们的歧视经历，使外国和美国出生的拉丁美洲人蒙羞。这些非健康政策可能会对拉丁美洲人的健康产生不利影响，部分原因是受到歧视，并可能有助于解释美国拉丁美洲人的健康模式。在美国，大多数关于歧视的研究都是在个人层面和非裔美国人之间进行的。反移民政策的影响，如亚利桑那州的SB-1070，在很大程度上没有得到健康和社会科学研究人员的审查。本研究记录了美国拉丁美洲成年人的全国代表性样本中歧视的普遍性，并探讨了州一级的反移民政策和感知歧视之间的关联。在美国，拉丁美洲人受到歧视的普遍程度与非洲裔美国人相似。更多的反移民政策与更高的歧视感有关。
Research has found a strong inverse association between discrimination and health and well-being. Most of these studies have been conducted among African-Americans, and have examined the relationship at the individual-level. To fill these gaps in knowledge we estimated the prevalence of perceived discrimination among a nationally representative sample of Latino adults in the US, and investigated the association between state-level anti-immigrant policies and perceived discrimination. We merged survey data with a state-level anti-immigrant policy index. First, we fit hierarchical logistic regression models to test the crude and adjusted association between anti-immigrant policies and perceived discrimination. Second, we specified cross-level interaction terms to test whether this association differed by relevant individual characteristics. Almost 70% of respondents reported discrimination (68.4%). More anti-immigrant policies were associated with higher levels of discrimination (OR=1.62, 95% CI 1.16, 2.24, p=0.01). The association between anti-immigrant policies and discrimination differed by place of origin (p=0.001) and was marginally moderated by generation status (p=0.124). Anti-immigrant policies stigmatize both foreign and US-born Latinos by creating a hostile social environment which affects their experiences of discrimination. These non-health policies can adversely affect Latino health, in part through exposure to discrimination, and may help explain health patterns among Latinos in the US. Most studies of discrimination in the United States (US) have been conducted at the individual level and among African Americans. The effects of anti-immigrant policies such as Arizona's SB-1070, have largely gone unexamined by health and social science researchers. This study documents the prevalence of discrimination among a nationally representative sample of Latino adults in the US, and examines the association between state-level anti-immigrant policies and perceived discrimination. The prevalence of discrimination among Latinos in the US is similar to that found among African Americans. More anti-immigrant policies are associated with higher perception of discrimination.