Optimizing Transmission Infrastructure Investments to Support Line De-energization for Mitigating Wildfire Ignition Risk
Optimizing Transmission Infrastructure Investments to Support Line De-energization for Mitigating Wildfire Ignition Risk
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DOI：
10.48550/arxiv.2203.10176
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Kody;Ryan Piansky;D. Molzahn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Kody;Ryan Piansky;D. Molzahn
在美国西部等地区，野火对公共安全构成了越来越大的威胁，从历史上看，电力系统引发了一些最具破坏性的野火。为了降低野火着火风险，电力系统操作员在极端野火条件下先发制人地切断高风险输电线的能量，作为“公共安全断电”(PSPS)事件的一部分。虽然PSPS事件能够大幅降低急性野火风险，但由于部分断电的系统可能无法满足所有客户需求，因此PSPS事件也可能导致大量负荷削减。在这项工作中，我们调查了基础设施投资在多大程度上可以通过减少减负和野火点火风险来支持PSPS活动期间的系统运营。我们考虑安装电网规模的电池、太阳能光伏以及线路硬化或维护措施(例如，地下接地或加强植被管理)。要最佳地选择这些基础设施投资的位置、类型和规模，需要考虑与PSPS事件相关的线路断电。因此，本文提出了一种多阶段优化公式，该公式在定位和调整基础设施投资的同时，选择线路断电，以最大限度地减少野火着火风险和负荷削减。使用两个地理定位测试案例以及现实的基础设施投资参数和来自美国地质调查局的实际野火风险数据来评估这一提法。我们通过模拟整个2021年野火季节的断电决策和优化的基础设施布置来评估投资选择的表现。由于不同测试用例、预算和运营商优先级的投资决策差异很大，数值结果显示了所提出的公式在根据不同环境定制投资选择方面的价值。
Wildfires pose a growing risk to public safety in regions like the western United States, and, historically, electric power systems have ignited some of the most destructive wildfires. To reduce wildfire ignition risks, power system operators preemptively de-energize high-risk power lines during extreme wildfire conditions as part of"Public Safety Power Shutoff"(PSPS) events. While capable of substantially reducing acute wildfire risks, PSPS events can also result in significant amounts of load shedding as the partially de-energized system may not be able to supply all customer demands. In this work, we investigate the extent to which infrastructure investments can support system operations during PSPS events by enabling reduced load shedding and wildfire ignition risk. We consider the installation of grid-scale batteries, solar PV, and line hardening or maintenance measures (e.g., undergrounding or increased vegetation management). Optimally selecting the locations, types, and sizes of these infrastructure investments requires considering the line de-energizations associated with PSPS events. Accordingly, this paper proposes a multi-period optimization formulation that locates and sizes infrastructure investments while simultaneously choosing line de-energizations to minimize wildfire ignition risk and load shedding. This formulation is evaluated using two geolocated test cases along with realistic infrastructure investment parameters and actual wildfire risk data from the US Geological Survey. We evaluate the performance of investment choices by simulating de-energization decisions for the entire 2021 wildfire season with optimized infrastructure placements. With investment decisions varying significantly for different test cases, budgets, and operator priorities, the numerical results demonstrate the proposed formulation's value in tailoring investment choices to different settings.