Recognition of spoken words by native and non-native listeners: Talker-, listener-, and item-related factors
Recognition of spoken words by native and non-native listeners: Talker-, listener-, and item-related factors
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DOI：
10.1121/1.427952
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发表时间：
1999-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Pisoni, DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bradlow, AR;Pisoni, DB
为了深入了解影响言语知觉的说话者、听话者和项目相关因素之间的相互作用，开发了一个大型的多说话者数字记录口语词汇数据库，然后对多个听话者进行了可理解性测试。十个说话者以三种语速写出了两个单词列表。一个列表包含词汇上的“容易”单词(发音很少相似的单词可能会与之混淆的“邻居”)，另一个列表包含词汇上的“难”单词(语音上有许多相似发音的单词“邻居”)。对以英语为本族语者(实验一)获得的可理解性数据的分析表明，词汇相似性的影响很大。容易词的可理解性得分高于难词。语速对语速的影响也很大，慢语速和中等语速的单词的清晰度得分高于快语速的单词。最后，还观察到了各种刺激因素之间的关系，其中一个因素造成的知觉困难，如。通过听者的经验和对特定说话者的讲话的熟悉而获得的优势，可以克服快速说出的难词。在实验2中，调查被扩展到另一个听者群体，即非母语听者。结果表明，利用表层语音信息的能力，例如跨项目一致的说话者，是一种感知技能，可以很容易地将第一语言感知转移到第二语言感知。然而，即使在熟悉度被控制的情况下，非母语听者在词汇难度较大的单词上也有特别的困难，这表明当需要在分段水平上进行精细的语音辨别时，非母语单词的识别可能会受到影响。综上所述，这项研究的结果提供了对影响母语和非母语听者口语加工的信号依赖和信号非依赖因素的洞察。(C)1999年美国声学学会。[S0001-4966(99)02410-8]。
In order to gain insight into the interplay between the talker-, listener-, and item-related factors that influence speech perception, a large multi-talker database of digitally recorded spoken words was developed, and was then submitted to intelligibility tests with multiple listeners. Ten talkers produced two lists of words at three speaking rates. One list contained lexically "easy" words (words with few phonetically similar sounding "neighbors" with which they could be confused), and the other list contained lexically "hard" words (words with many phonetically similar sounding "neighbors"). An analysis of the intelligibility data obtained with native speakers of English (experiment 1) showed a strong effect of lexical similarity. Easy words had higher intelligibility scores than hard words. A strong effect of speaking rate was also found whereby slow and medium rate words had higher intelligibility scores than fast rate words. Finally, a relationship was also observed between the various stimulus factors whereby the perceptual difficulties imposed by one factor, such as. a hard word spoken at a fast rate, could be overcome by the advantage gained through the listener's experience and familiarity with the speech of a particular talker. In experiment 2, the investigation was extended to another listener population, namely, non-native listeners. Results showed that the ability to take advantage of surface phonetic information, such as a consistent talker across items, is a perceptual skill that transfers easily fi om first to second language perception. However, non-native Listeners had particular difficulty with lexically hard words even when familiarity with the items was controlled, suggesting that non-native word recognition may be compromised when fine phonetic discrimination at the segmental level is required. Taken together, the results of this study provide insight into the signal-dependent and signal-independent factors that influence spoken language processing in native and non-native Listeners. (C) 1999 Acoustical Society of America. [S0001-4966(99)02410-8].