Evolutionary Trade-Offs in Plants Mediate the Strength of Trophic Cascades
Evolutionary Trade-Offs in Plants Mediate the Strength of Trophic Cascades
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/science.1184814
复制
发表时间：
2010-03-26
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Agrawal, Anurag A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mooney, Kailen A.;Halitschke, Rayko;Agrawal, Anurag A.
捕食者通过所谓的营养级联决定食草动物和植物的生物量，而这种效应的强度受生态系统生产力的影响。为了确定植物性状之间的进化权衡是否会影响营养控制模式，我们在系统发育的野外实验中控制了捕食者和土壤肥力，并测量了一种主要食草动物（蚜虫）对16种乳草（Asclepias spp.）的影响。食草动物的密度是由捕食变化和食草动物抗性与植物生长策略之间的权衡决定的。食草动物密度和捕食者对食草动物的影响都不能预测捕食者对植物生物量的级联效应。相反，级联强度与马利筋对土壤肥力的响应呈强烈正相关。因此，当代营养控制模式是由植物面临的进化趋同权衡驱动的。
Predators determine herbivore and plant biomass via so-called trophic cascades, and the strength of such effects is influenced by ecosystem productivity. To determine whether evolutionary trade-offs among plant traits influence patterns of trophic control, we manipulated predators and soil fertility and measured impacts of a major herbivore ( the aphid Aphis nerii) on 16 milkweed species (Asclepias spp.) in a phylogenetic field experiment. Herbivore density was determined by variation in predation and trade-offs between herbivore resistance and plant growth strategy. Neither herbivore density nor predator effects on herbivores predicted the cascading effects of predators on plant biomass. Instead, cascade strength was strongly and positively associated with milkweed response to soil fertility. Accordingly, contemporary patterns of trophic control are driven by evolutionary convergent trade-offs faced by plants.