A mathematical model of the sleep/wake cycle
A mathematical model of the sleep/wake cycle
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DOI：
10.1007/s00285-009-0276-5
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Terman, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rempe, Michael J.;Best, Janet;Terman, David
我们提出了一个基于生物学的数学模型，该模型解释了人类睡眠/觉醒周期的几个特征。这些特征包括在正常和睡眠剥夺条件下的睡眠和觉醒的时间，超昼夜节律，由于食欲素的损失和几种睡眠措施的昼夜节律依赖性而导致的睡眠和觉醒之间的更频繁的切换。该模型演示了这些功能如何依赖于昼夜节律起搏器和睡眠稳态器之间的相互作用，并为睡眠调节的双过程模型提供了生物学基础。该模型是基于以前的“触发器”的概念模型的睡眠/觉醒和REM/NREM和我们探讨是否在这些触发器模型的神经元组件，包括睡眠稳态过程和昼夜节律起搏器，足以占上述睡眠/觉醒周期的功能。该模型是最小的意义上说，除了睡眠稳态和恒定的皮质驱动，该模型只包括那些在触发器模型中描述的核。每个细胞群最多由两个微分方程来模拟总群体活动的演变，并且突触连接与触发器模型中描述的那些一致。对模型的详细分析导致对数学机制的理解，以及对生物机制的见解，潜在的睡眠/觉醒动力学。
We present a biologically-based mathematical model that accounts for several features of the human sleep/wake cycle. These features include the timing of sleep and wakefulness under normal and sleep-deprived conditions, ultradian rhythms, more frequent switching between sleep and wakefulness due to the loss of orexin and the circadian dependence of several sleep measures. The model demonstrates how these features depend on interactions between a circadian pacemaker and a sleep homeostat and provides a biological basis for the two-process model for sleep regulation. The model is based on previous "flip-flop" conceptual models for sleep/wake and REM/NREM and we explore whether the neuronal components in these flip-flop models, with the inclusion of a sleep-homeostatic process and the circadian pacemaker, are sufficient to account for the features of the sleep/wake cycle listed above. The model is minimal in the sense that, besides the sleep homeostat and constant cortical drives, the model includes only those nuclei described in the flip-flop models. Each of the cell groups is modeled by at most two differential equations for the evolution of the total population activity, and the synaptic connections are consistent with those described in the flip-flop models. A detailed analysis of the model leads to an understanding of the mathematical mechanisms, as well as insights into the biological mechanisms, underlying sleep/wake dynamics.