Leading Pedestrian Interval: Assessment and Implementation Guidelines
Leading Pedestrian Interval: Assessment and Implementation Guidelines
复制标题
领先行人间隔：评估和实施指南
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Lo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Saneinejad;J. Lo
领先行人间隔（LPI）的目的是为行人提供机会，让他们在相邻的直行车辆允许通过之前开始过马路。该程序允许行人在人行横道上建立存在;这种存在增加了行人对驾驶员的可见度，从而减少了与转弯车辆的冲突。加拿大安大略的多伦多市于2005年实施并正式评估了地方保护指数。自那时以来，LPI已被添加到更多的交叉点;然而，该过程尚未简化。为在更多地点实施地方绩效指标，需要制定实施指南和业务标准。为了满足这一需求，多伦多市的交通服务部门制定了一项实施和评估指南。指引的目的，是协助交通工程师以核对表的方式，确定设置低限载具检查站的合适地点，以公式决定低限载具检查站的适当时间，以及考虑可尽量提高安全效益和减低对载具容量的负面影响的运作方式。该指南还提出了一种方法来衡量改善交叉口安全作为一个结果的LPI。本文件除了介绍新指引的各个部分外，亦会就以往有关防止碰撞装置在改善行人安全方面的成效的研究，以及其他司法管辖区在实施和运作防止碰撞装置方面的做法，作出检讨。
The purpose of a leading pedestrian interval (LPI) is to provide pedestrians with the opportunity to begin crossing the street before adjacent through-movement vehicles are permitted to proceed. This procedure allows pedestrians to establish a presence in the crosswalk; this presence increases the visibility of pedestrians to drivers and therefore reduces conflicts with turning vehicles. The City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, implemented and formally evaluated an LPI in 2005. LPIs have been added to a few more intersections since then; however, the process has not been streamlined. For LPIs to be implemented at additional locations, an implementation guide and operating standard was needed. In answer to this need, transportation services of the City of Toronto developed an implementation and assessment guideline. The purpose of the guideline is to help traffic engineers identify suitable locations for LPIs by means of a checklist, determine the appropriate length of time for the LPI with a formula, and consider operation features that would maximize the positive safety effects and minimize any negative impact on vehicular capacity. The guideline also suggests a method for measuring improvements in intersection safety as a result of LPIs. Besides introducing various components of the newly developed guide, this paper provides a review of past studies on the effectiveness of LPIs in improving pedestrian safety and a review of the state of practice in other jurisdictions in regard to implementation and operation of LPIs.