A mineralogical, geochemical, and microbiogical assessment of the antimony- and arsenic-rich neutral mine drainage tailings near Pezinok, Slovakia
A mineralogical, geochemical, and microbiogical assessment of the antimony- and arsenic-rich neutral mine drainage tailings near Pezinok, Slovakia
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DOI：
10.2138/am.2011.3556
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
J. Majzlan;Bronislava Lalinská;M. Chovan;U. Bläß;B. Brecht;J. Göttlicher;R. Steininger;K. Hug
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Majzlan;Bronislava Lalinská;M. Chovan;U. Bläß;B. Brecht;J. Göttlicher;R. Steininger;K. Hug
摘要世界各地大型尾矿库中采矿废物的矿物组成是控制污染物滞留和释放的关键因素。在这里，我们报告了斯洛伐克Pezinok镇附近的两个尾矿库的详细矿物学、地球化学和微生物调查。这项研究的主要目的是研究尾矿(所谓的第三系矿物)沉积后在蓄水中形成的矿物学。第三系矿物包括Fe、Sb、As、Ca的氢氧化物，在原生矿石矿物上呈颗粒状和环状赋存。X-射线显微衍射数据表明，富As的氢氧化铁为X射线非晶态。该材料中Fe/As(wt/wt%)的极限(最低)比率为1.5；超过此比率，水合三氧化二铁不保留砷。As含量少、Sb含量少到适中的颗粒为针铁矿；Sb占优势的颗粒为结晶度较差的铁闪锌矿(FeSbO4)。即使是污染最严重的样品(高达29wt%As2O5)，也有各种各样的微生物群落，包括典型的抗砷异养物种以及铁还原剂和硫氧化剂。几个恢复的克隆聚集在完全基于环境序列的系统发育组中，不包含单一的栽培物种，因此需要对这种极端环境进行更多的工作。
Abstract The mineralogical composition of mining wastes deposited in voluminous tailing impoundments around the world is the key factor that controls retention and release of pollutants. Here we report a detailed mineralogical, geochemical, and microbiological investigation of two tailing impoundments near the town of Pezinok, Slovakia. The primary objective of this study was the mineralogy that formed in the impoundment after the deposition of the tailings (so-called tertiary minerals). Tertiary minerals include oxyhydroxides of Fe, Sb, As, Ca and are present as grains and as rims on primary ore minerals. X-ray microdiffraction data show that the iron oxyhydroxides with abundant As are X-ray amorphous. The limiting (lowest) Fe/As (wt/wt%) ratio in this material is 1.5; beyond this ratio, the hydrous ferric oxide does not retain arsenic. The grains with less As and little to moderate amounts of Sb are goethite; the grains where Sb dominates over Fe are poorly crystalline tripuhyite (FeSbO4). Even the most heavily contaminated samples (up to 29 wt% As2O5) are populated with diverse communities of microorganisms including typical arsenic-resistant heterotrophic species as well as iron reducers and sulfur oxidizers. Several recovered clones cluster within phylogenetic groups that are solely based on environmental sequences and do not contain a single cultivated species, thus calling for more work on such extreme environments.