Comprehension of insincere communication in neurodegenerative disease: lies, sarcasm, and theory of mind.
Comprehension of insincere communication in neurodegenerative disease: lies, sarcasm, and theory of mind.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cortex.2011.08.003
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发表时间：
2012-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Rankin, Katherine P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shany-Ur, Tal;Poorzand, Pardis;Grossman, Scott N;Growdon, Matthew E;Jang, Jung Y;Ketelle, Robin S;Miller, Bruce L;Rankin, Katherine P
对虚假沟通的理解是社会认知的一个重要方面，需要视觉视角、情感阅读以及理解他人的想法、意见和意图。说谎的人是想在听者面前隐藏自己的不真诚，而讽刺的人则是想让听者意识到他们在说假话。我们研究了面对面测试理解不真诚的沟通是否能有效区分具有不同现实生活社交缺陷模式的神经退行性疾病患者。我们研究了从第三人称角度理解谎言和讽刺的能力，使用上下文线索，在102名患有四种神经退行性疾病（额颞叶痴呆[bvFTD]，阿尔茨海默病[AD]，进行性核上性麻痹[PSP]和血管性认知障碍）之一的患者和77名健康老年人（NC）中。参与者使用社会推理意识测试回答了有关描述涉及欺骗性，讽刺性或真诚言语的社交互动视频的问题。所有受试者同样理解真诚的话，但bvFTD患者表现出受损的理解谎言和讽刺相比，NC。在其他组中，损害不是疾病特异性的，但与一般认知损害成比例。任务成分分析显示，仅bvFTD患者的观点采择和情绪阅读元素受损，bvFTD和PSP患者表达他人意见和意图的能力受损（即，心理理论）。测试表现与被试对日常生活中的同理心、观点采择和神经精神症状的评分相关。理解不真诚的沟通是复杂的，需要多种认知和情感过程，在神经退行性疾病中很容易受到影响。然而，bvFTD患者在心理理论和情绪阅读的各个层面都表现出独特的局灶性和严重的损伤，导致无法识别明显的欺骗和讽刺的例子。这与研究表明这种疾病的目标是感知社会显着性和预测负面社会结果所必需的特定神经网络相一致。
Comprehension of insincere communication is an important aspect of social cognition requiring visual perspective taking, emotion reading, and understanding others’ thoughts, opinions, and intentions. Someone who is lying intends to hide their insincerity from the listener, while a sarcastic speaker wants the listener to recognize they are speaking insincerely. We investigated whether face-to-face testing of comprehending insincere communication would effectively discriminate among neurodegenerative disease patients with different patterns of real-life social deficits. We examined ability to comprehend lies and sarcasm from a third-person perspective, using contextual cues, in 102 patients with one of four neurodegenerative diseases (frontotemporal dementia [bvFTD], Alzheimer’s disease [AD], progressive supranuclear palsy [PSP], and vascular cognitive impairment) and 77 healthy older adults (NC). Participants answered questions about videos depicting social interactions involving deceptive, sarcastic, or sincere speech using The Awareness of Social Inference Test. All subjects equally understood sincere remarks, but bvFTD patients displayed impaired comprehension of lies and sarcasm compared with NCs. In other groups, impairment was not disease-specific but was proportionate to general cognitive impairment. Analysis of the task components revealed that only bvFTD patients were impaired on perspective taking and emotion reading elements and that both bvFTD and PSP patients had impaired ability to represent others’ opinions and intentions (i.e., theory of mind). Test performance correlated with informants’ ratings of subjects’ empathy, perspective taking and neuropsychiatric symptoms in everyday life. Comprehending insincere communication is complex and requires multiple cognitive and emotional processes vulnerable across neurodegenerative diseases. However, bvFTD patients show uniquely focal and severe impairments at every level of theory of mind and emotion reading, leading to an inability to identify obvious examples of deception and sarcasm. This is consistent with studies suggesting this disease targets a specific neural network necessary for perceiving social salience and predicting negative social outcomes.