Does war contribute to family violence against children? Findings from a two-generational multi-informant study in Northern Uganda
Does war contribute to family violence against children? Findings from a two-generational multi-informant study in Northern Uganda
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.10.007
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Catani, Claudia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saile, Regina;Ertl, Verena;Catani, Claudia
在北方乌干达经历了20年的内战之后，家庭暴力的持续存在对冲突后时期儿童的健康发展构成了重大挑战。以前暴露于创伤和正在进行的精神病理学监护人可能会导致父母对儿童的犯罪行为和儿童的家庭生态中的功能失调的互动，增加儿童的虐待风险。为了调查儿童受害的远端和近端风险因素，我们首先旨在确定导致监护人自我报告犯罪的因素。其次，我们检查了儿童家庭环境中促进儿童报告的虐待经历的因素。采用两代设计，我们采访了368名儿童，365名女性监护人，304名男性监护人从七个受战争影响的农村社区在北方乌干达的标准化问卷的基础上。我们发现，自我报告的攻击性养育行为对孩子的最强的预测因素是监护人自己的童年虐待的经验，其次是女性监护人的受害经验，在他们的亲密关系和男性监护人的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状和酒精相关的问题。关于儿童的自我报告的受害在家庭中，近端的因素，包括家庭中的成年人之间的暴力和男性监护人的PTSD症状的严重程度预测更高水平的虐待。女性监护人的童年受害史和女性监护人遭受创伤性战争事件等远端变量也增加了儿童虐待的报告。目前的调查结果表明，在有组织暴力的背景下，暴力的代际循环持续存在，而女性监护人的再次受害经历和男性监护人的精神病理学症状又加剧了这种循环。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
After 20 years of civil war in Northern Uganda, the continuity of violence within the family constitutes a major challenge to children's healthy development in the post-conflict era. Previous exposure to trauma and ongoing psychopathology in guardians potentially contribute to parental perpetration against children and dysfunctional interactions in the child's family ecology that increase children's risk of maltreatment. In order to investigate distal and proximal risk factors of child victimization, we first aimed to identify factors leading to more self-reported perpetration in guardians. Second, we examined factors in the child's family environment that promote child-reported experiences of maltreatment. Using a two-generational design we interviewed 368 children, 365 female guardians, and 304 male guardians from seven war-affected rural communities in Northern Uganda on the basis of standardized questionnaires. We found that the strongest predictors of self-reported aggressive parenting behaviors toward the child were guardians' own experiences of childhood maltreatment, followed by female guardians' victimization experiences in their intimate relationship and male guardians' posttrautmatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and alcohol-related problems. Regarding children's self-report of victimization in the family, proximal factors including violence between adults in the household and male guardians' PTSD symptom severity level predicted higher levels of maltreatment. Distal variables such as female guardians' history of childhood victimization and female guardians' exposure to traumatic war events also increased children's report of maltreatment. The current findings suggest that in the context of organized violence, an intergenerational cycle of violence persists that is exacerbated by female guardians' re-victimization experiences and male guardians' psychopathological symptoms. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.