QED in dispersing and absorbing media
QED in dispersing and absorbing media
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分散和吸收介质中的 QED
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Welsch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Knoll;S. Scheel;D. Welsch
在给出了介电体材料的微观Hopfield模型的基础上的量子化方案的大纲，我们展示了如何在给定的空间和频率依赖的复介电常数的介电物质的存在下的电磁场的经典唯象麦克斯韦方程可以转移到量子理论。考虑介质辅助场与原子系统的相互作用，我们给出了库仑规范中的最小耦合哈密顿量和多极耦合哈密顿量。为了说明这个概念，我们讨论了辐射的输入-输出关系和辐射场量子态在吸收四端口器件中的转换，以及激发原子在吸收体表面附近和具有本征材料损耗的球形微腔中的自发衰变。最后，我们给出了量子化方案的其他媒体，如放大介质，磁介质，和非线性介质的扩展。
After giving an outline of the quantization scheme based on the microscopic Hopfield model of a dielectric bulk material, we show how the classical phenomenological Maxwell equations of the electromagnetic field in the presence of dielectric matter of given space- and frequency-dependent complex permittivity can be transferred to quantum theory. Including in the theory the interaction of the medium-assisted field with atomic systems, we present both the minimal-coupling Hamiltonian and the multipolar-coupling Hamiltonian in the Coulomb gauge. To illustrate the concept, we discuss the input--output relations of radiation and the transformation of radiation-field quantum states at absorbing four-port devices, and the spontaneous decay of an excited atom near the surface of an absorbing body and in a spherical micro-cavity with intrinsic material losses. Finally, we give an extension of the quantization scheme to other media such as amplifying media, magnetic media, and nonlinear media.