Young children's understanding that promising guarantees performance: the effects of age and maltreatment.
Young children's understanding that promising guarantees performance: the effects of age and maltreatment.
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幼儿理解承诺保证表现：年龄和虐待的影响。
DOI：
10.1037/lhb0000061
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Evans,AngelaD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lyon,ThomasD;Evans,AngelaD
两项研究，102名未受虐待的3至6岁儿童和96名受虐待的4至7岁儿童，研究了儿童对“我保证"、“我会"、“我可能”和“我不会”的相对优势的理解，以确定最适合年龄的方法，从儿童证人那里获得说实话的承诺。孩子们玩了一个游戏，在听到故事人物对他们在每个盒子里放置玩具的意图做出相互矛盾的陈述后，他们选择两个盒子中的哪一个将包含玩具（例如，一个角色说“我会在我的盒子里放一个玩具”，另一个角色说“我可能会在我的盒子里放一个玩具”）。孩子们在更小的时候就理解了“意愿”，而不是“承诺”。未受虐待的儿童在3岁时就理解“意愿”比“可能”更强，在4岁时理解“承诺”比“可能”更强。最小的未受虐待的孩子更喜欢“意志”而不是“承诺”，而最大的未受虐待的孩子更喜欢“承诺”而不是“意志”。受虐待的儿童表现出类似的表现模式，但延迟的理解，这可能是由于延迟的词汇。研究结果支持了一个修改后的儿童誓言：“你保证你会说实话吗？”（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
Two studies, with 102 nonmaltreated 3-to 6-year-old children and 96 maltreated 4-to 7-year-old children, examined children’s understanding of the relative strengths of “I promise,”“I will,”“I might,” and “I won’t,” to determine the most age-appropriate means of eliciting a promise to tell the truth from child witnesses. Children played a game in which they chose which of 2 boxes would contain a toy after hearing story characters make conflicting statements about their intent to place a toy in each box (eg, one character said “I will put a toy in my box” and the other character said “I might put a toy in my box”). Children understood “will” at a younger age than “promise.” Nonmaltreated children understood that “will” is stronger than “might” by 3 years of age and that “promise” is stronger than “might” by 4 years of age. The youngest nonmaltreated children preferred “will” to “promise,” whereas the oldest nonmaltreated children preferred “promise” to “will.” Maltreated children exhibited a similar pattern of performance, but with delayed understanding that could be attributed to delays in vocabulary. The results support a modified oath for children:“Do you promise that you will tell the truth?”(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)