The oncogenic potential of human cytomegalovirus and breast cancer.
The oncogenic potential of human cytomegalovirus and breast cancer.
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DOI：
10.3389/fonc.2014.00230
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Kumar A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herbein G;Kumar A
乳腺癌是妇女癌症相关死亡的主要原因。绝大多数乳腺癌是起源于乳腺的成乳管内衬细胞的癌。许多文章指出，乳腺肿瘤表现出不同的表型取决于其独特的生理病理学特征，临床过程，和治疗的可能性。人巨细胞病毒（human cytomegalovirus，HCMV）是一种多面的高度宿主特异性的β疱疹病毒，在免疫活性宿主中被认为是无症状或轻度致病的病毒。HCMV可引起严重的宫内感染以及免疫功能低下个体的急性和慢性并发症。HCMV参与晚期炎症并发症强调了其在炎症性疾病和癌症中的可能作用。HCMV在体内靶向多种细胞类型，包括巨噬细胞、上皮细胞、内皮细胞、成纤维细胞、基质细胞、神经元细胞、平滑肌细胞和肝细胞。分娩后的乳汁中可检测到HCMV，从而HCMV可扩散到邻近的乳腺上皮细胞。HCMV还感染巨噬细胞并诱导非典型M1/M2表型，其接近于肿瘤相关巨噬细胞表型，其与参与癌症起始或促进和预后不良的乳腺癌的细胞因子的释放相关。在乳腺癌的组织活检中检测到HCMV抗原和DNA，并且据报道，血清HCMV IgG抗体水平的升高先于一些妇女乳腺癌的发展。本文就HCMV在乳腺癌发生发展中的作用作一综述。
Breast cancer is the leading causes of cancer-related death among women. The vast majority of breast cancers are carcinomas that originate from cells lining the milk-forming ducts of the mammary gland. Numerous articles indicate that breast tumors exhibit diverse phenotypes depending on their distinct physiopathological signatures, clinical courses, and therapeutic possibilities. The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a multifaceted highly host specific betaherpesvirus that is regarded as asymptomatic or mildly pathogenic virus in immunocompetent host. HCMV may cause serious in utero infections as well as acute and chronic complications in immunocompromised individual. The involvement of HCMV in late inflammatory complications underscores its possible role in inflammatory diseases and cancer. HCMV targets a variety of cell types in vivo, including macrophages, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, stromal cells, neuronal cells, smooth muscle cells, and hepatocytes. HCMV can be detected in the milk after delivery and thereby HCMV could spread to adjacent mammary epithelial cells. HCMV also infects macrophages and induces an atypical M1/M2 phenotype, close to the tumor-associated macrophage phenotype, which is associated with the release of cytokines involved in cancer initiation or promotion and breast cancer of poor prognosis. HCMV antigens and DNA have been detected in tissue biopsies of breast cancers and elevation in serum HCMV IgG antibody levels has been reported to precede the development of breast cancer in some women. In this review, we will discuss the potential role of HCMV in the initiation and progression of breast cancer.