Why do we punish? Deterrence and just deserts as motives for punishment
Why do we punish? Deterrence and just deserts as motives for punishment
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.83.2.284
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发表时间：
2002-08-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Robinson, PH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carlsmith, KM;Darley, JM;Robinson, PH
一个流行的惩罚理由是正义应得的理由：一个人应该受到与所犯道德错误成比例的惩罚。另一种与之竞争的理由是威慑理由：惩罚罪犯可以减少未来犯罪的频率和可能性。作者研究了外行人对典型错误使用惩罚的动机。研究1 （N = 336）显示，被试对与正义应得观点相关的因素（如犯罪严重程度、道德越界）高度敏感，而对与威慑相关的因素（如……）不敏感。被发现的可能性，犯罪频率)。研究2 （N = 329）通过结构方程建模（SEM）证实了所提出的模型。研究3 （N = 351）显示，尽管人们强烈倾向于威慑理论，但个人的量刑决定似乎完全是由公正的考虑所驱动的。
One popular justification for punishment is the just deserts rationale: A person deserves punishment proportionate to the moral wrong committed. A competing justification is the deterrence rationale: Punishing an offender reduces the frequency and likelihood of future offenses. The authors examined the motivation underlying laypeople's use of punishment for prototypical wrongs. Study 1 (N = 336) revealed high sensitivity to factors uniquely associated with the just deserts perspective (e.g., offense seriousness, moral trespass) and insensitivity to factors associated with deterrence (e.g.. likelihood of detection, offense frequency). Study 2 (N = 329) confirmed the proposed model through structural equation modeling (SEM). Study 3 (N = 351) revealed that despite strongly stated preferences for deterrence theory, individual sentencing decisions seemed driven exclusively by just deserts concerns.