Interrelationships Among Individual Differences in Alcohol Demand, Impulsivity, and Alcohol Misuse
Interrelationships Among Individual Differences in Alcohol Demand, Impulsivity, and Alcohol Misuse
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DOI：
10.1037/a0032766
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
MacKillop, James
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gray, Joshua C.;MacKillop, James
酒精购买任务（APT）是一种新颖的行为经济指标，用于表征酒精对个人的激励价值（即酒精需求）。酒精需求的个体差异与许多与酒精相关的结果有关，当前的调查试图以多种方式扩展这些先前的发现。该研究的目标是： (a) 检查大量社区成年人样本中的酒精需求和酒精滥用之间的关系； (b) 检查酒精需求的性别差异； (c) 检查酒精需求与冲动性人格特质之间的关系，无论是一般性的还是调节变量。参与者（N = 720；39% 为女性）是去年饮酒的成年吸烟者，是从整个社区招募的。 APT 需求的所有四个行为经济指数均与酒精滥用显着相关，在综合分析中，最大摄氧量和强度具有独特的相关性。男性表现出明显更高的需求，但在调整每周饮酒量和其他协变量后，这些差异基本上消除了。紧迫感、寻求感觉和缺乏预谋的特质水平与强度显着相关，而紧迫感则与最大摄氧量相关，但不存在调节关系。冲动性和需求指数之间的重要关系可能表明抑制解除和酒精需求的共同过程。这些发现进一步支持酒精需求指数与酒精滥用之间的关系以及需求与冲动之间的联系。讨论了方法论考虑因素和未来方向。
An Alcohol Purchase Task (APT) is a novel behavioral economic measure for characterizing the incentive value of alcohol to an individual (i.e., alcohol demand). Individual differences in alcohol demand have been associated with a number of alcohol-related outcomes and the current investigation sought to extend these previous findings in a number of ways. The goals of the study were: (a) to examine the relationship between alcohol demand and alcohol misuse in a large sample of community adults; (b) to examine sex differences in alcohol demand; and, (c) to examine the relationship between alcohol demand and impulsive personality traits, both in general and as moderating variables. Participants (N = 720; 39% female) were adult smokers who reported drinking in the last year and were recruited from the community at large. All four behavioral economic indices of demand from the APT were significantly associated with alcohol misuse, with O-max and intensity uniquely associated in combined analyses. Males exhibited significantly higher demand, but these differences were largely eliminated after adjusting for drinks per week and other covariates. Trait levels of urgency, sensation-seeking and lack of premeditation were significantly associated with intensity and urgency was associated with O-max, but no moderating relationships were present. The significant relationships between aspects of impulsivity and the demand indices may signify a common process underlying disinhibition and demand for alcohol. These findings further support the relationship between indices of alcohol demand and alcohol misuse and a link between demand and impulsivity. Methodological considerations and future directions are discussed.