LIGNOCELLULOSE DEGRADATION DURING SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION - PLEUROTUS-OSTREATUS VERSUS PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM
LIGNOCELLULOSE DEGRADATION DURING SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION - PLEUROTUS-OSTREATUS VERSUS PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.58.4.1121-1127.1992
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发表时间：
1992-04-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
HADAR, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KEREM, Z;FRIESEM, D;HADAR, Y
通过比较两种白腐真菌平菇和黄孢原毛平革菌，研究了棉秆固态发酵过程中木质纤维素的降解以及与木质素降解相关的活性。 P. chrysosporium 生长旺盛，导致棉秆中 55% 的有机成分在 15 天内快速、非选择性降解。相比之下，P. ostreatus 生长较慢，对木质素降解具有明显的选择性，培养 30 天后仅降解了 20% 的有机物。 C-14-木质素矿化动力学表现出类似的差异。在 P. chrysosporium 培养物中，矿化作用在 18 天后停止，导致以 (CO2)-C-14 形式释放总放射性的 12%。另一方面，在 P. ostreatus 中，在 60 天的培养期内，总放射性的 17% 以稳定的速率释放。仅在平菇发酵的水提取物中检测到漆酶活性。在该真菌的水提取物或液体培养物中均未检测到木质素过氧化物酶活性。 2-酮-4-硫甲基丁酸裂解为乙烯与两种真菌中的木质素降解相关。与在特定液体培养物下进行的研究相比，在固态条件下对真菌活性的研究可能有助于更好地了解木质纤维素降解所涉及的机制。
Lignocellulose degradation and activities related to lignin degradation were studied in the solid-state fermentation of cotton stalks by comparing two white rot fungi, Pleurotus ostreatus and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. P. chrysosporium grew vigorously, resulting in rapid, nonselective degradation of 55% of the organic components of the cotton stalks within 15 days. In contrast, P. ostreatus grew more slowly with obvious selectivity for lignin degradation and resulting in the degradation of only 20% of the organic matter after 30 days of incubation. The kinetics of C-14-lignin mineralization exhibited similar differences. In cultures of P. chrysosporium, mineralization ceased after 18 days, resulting in the release of 12% of the total radioactivity as (CO2)-C-14. In P. ostreatus, on the other hand, 17% of the total radioactivity was released in a steady rate throughout a period of 60 days of incubation. Laccase activity was only detected in water extracts of the P. ostreatus fermentation. No lignin peroxidase activity was detected in either the water extract or liquid cultures of this fungus. 2-Keto-4-thiomethyl butyric acid cleavage to ethylene correlated to lignin degradation in both fungi. A study of fungal activity under solid-state conditions, in contrast to those done under defined liquid culture, may help to better understand the mechanisms involved in lignocellulose degradation.