Causes of blindness and visual impairment in a population-based sample of US Hispanics
Causes of blindness and visual impairment in a population-based sample of US Hispanics
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DOI：
10.1016/s0161-6420(01)01008-9
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发表时间：
2002-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.7
通讯作者：
Quigley, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rodriguez, J;Sanchez, R;Quigley, H
目的：描述以西班牙裔人群为基础的失明和视力损害的原因。设计：横断面研究。参与者：随机抽取4774名来自亚利桑那州南部圣克鲁斯和皮马县的40岁及以上的西班牙裔居民，他们参加了Proyecto VER（视力评估和研究）测试。对受试者进行访谈并进行彻底的眼科检查。采用糖尿病视网膜病变早期治疗研究方案确定表现和最佳矫正视力，随后进行标准化眼科检查以确定视力丧失的原因。眼科的前、后段专家证实了病因。主要观察指标：视力丧失原因（最佳矫正视力低于20/40）。结果：符合条件的受试者应答率均在70%以上。视力较好的视力低于20/40的最佳矫正视力从40 - 49岁的0.3%增加到65岁及以上的5.6%。主要原因是白内障，占所有视力丧失的42%，其次是年龄相关性黄斑变性（15%）和糖尿病性视网膜病变（13%）。在14名双侧失明的患者中，开角型青光眼是主要原因。与男性相比，女性有更高的严重白内障的年龄调整患病率，并且更有可能因白内障、糖尿病视网膜病变和开角型青光眼而出现视力损害，尽管性别差异没有统计学意义。造成视力损害的原因与在高加索人群中报道的不同，开角型青光眼是导致失明的主要原因。在西班牙裔社区开展基于性别的眼科护理障碍方面的进一步工作可能是有必要的。(C) 2002年由美国眼科学会发布。
Objective: To describe the causes of blindness and visual impairment in a population-based sample of Hispanics.Design: A cross-sectional study.Participants: A random sample of 4774 Hispanic residents of Santa Cruz and Pima Counties in Southern Arizona aged 40 years and older who participated in Proyecto VER (Vision Evaluation and Research).Testing. Subjects were interviewed and underwent a thorough ophthalmic examination. Presenting and best-corrected visual acuity was determined using the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol, followed by a standardized ophthalmic examination to determine the causes of visual loss. Anterior and posterior segment specialists in ophthalmology confirmed the causes.Main Outcome Measures: Causes of visual loss (best-corrected acuity worse than 20/40).Results: The response rate of eligible participants was more than 70%. Best-corrected acuity in the better seeing eye worse than 20/40 increased from 0.3% in those aged 40 to 49 to 5.6% in those aged 65 and older. The leading cause was cataract, accounting for 42% of all visual loss, followed by age-related macular degeneration (15%), and diabetic retinopathy (13%). Among 14 people who were bilaterally blind, open-angle glaucoma was the leading cause. Women had higher age-adjusted prevalence of severe cataract compared with men and were more likely to be visually impaired from cataract, diabetic retinopathy, and open-angle glaucoma, although gender differences were not statistically significant.Conclusions. Causes of visual impairment differ from those reported in Caucasian populations, with open-angle glaucoma being the leading cause of blindness. Further work on gender-based obstacles to eye care in the Hispanic community may be warranted. (C) 2002 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.