Maintenance and regulation of DNA methylation patterns in mammals
Maintenance and regulation of DNA methylation patterns in mammals
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DOI：
10.1139/o05-138
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Riggs, AD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, ZX;Riggs, AD
表观遗传信息的正确建立和忠实维护对于复杂生物体的正确发育至关重要。对于哺乳动物来说，DNA甲基化是建立稳定的可遗传表观遗传标记的重要机制。甲基化在基因组中的分布不是随机的，甲基化和非甲基化DNA的模式在正常发育过程中受到很好的调节。甲基化模式的建立和维持的分子机制是复杂的，刚刚开始被理解。在这篇综述中，我们总结了在理解哺乳动物DNA甲基化模式的调控方面的最新进展，重点介绍了几种蛋白质和可能的RNA因子的新角色。我们还回顾了维持甲基化的随机模型，并讨论了它对表观遗传保真度和基因调控的影响。
Proper establishment and faithful maintenance of epigenetic information is crucial for the correct development of complex organisms. For mammals, it is now accepted that DNA methylation is an important mechanism for establishing stable heritable epigenetic marks. The distribution of methylation in the genome is not random, and patterns of methylated and unmethylated DNA are well regulated during normal development. The molecular mechanisms by which methylation patterns are established and maintained are complex and just beginning to be understood. In this review, we summarize recent progress in understanding the regulation of mammalian DNA methylation patterns, with an emphasis on the emerging roles of several protein and possible RNA factors. We also revisit the stochastic model of maintenance methylation and discuss its implications for epigenetic fidelity and gene regulation.