Crayfish Recognize the Faces of Fight Opponents
Crayfish Recognize the Faces of Fight Opponents
复制标题
小龙虾能够识别战斗对手的面孔
作者：
Joanne Van der Velden;Ying Zheng;B. Patullo;D. Macmillan
在人类和其他动物中，关联刺激的能力是包括识别在内的许多认知能力的基础。脊椎动物分别处理不同类别的信息，然后重新组合提取的信息，以进行唯一的识别、存储和回忆。无脊椎动物的神经网络更少，神经处理选择也更少，因此对它们行为的研究可能会揭示出任何动物仍未完全理解的潜在机制。一些无脊椎动物形成复杂的社会群体，具有视觉记忆能力--例如蜜蜂和黄蜂。在没有强大社会凝聚力的随机配对的物种中，这种能力是无法预测的；例如，小龙虾。他们有化学记忆，但他们对视觉特征的记忆程度尚不清楚。在这里，我们展示了小龙虾Cherax破坏者能够对个体进行视觉识别。它们相互作用的简单性使我们能够检查所涉及的视觉特征的行为和一些特征。我们证明了面部特征是在面对面的战斗中学习的，使用了高度可变的线索，可变性的类型很重要，并且学习是依赖于背景的。我们还测试了是否有可能设计错误的身份识别，并让动物区分双胞胎对手。
The capacity to associate stimuli underlies many cognitive abilities, including recognition, in humans and other animals. Vertebrates process different categories of information separately and then reassemble the distilled information for unique identification, storage and recall. Invertebrates have fewer neural networks and fewer neural processing options so study of their behavior may reveal underlying mechanisms still not fully understood for any animal. Some invertebrates form complex social colonies and are capable of visual memory–bees and wasps, for example. This ability would not be predicted in species that interact in random pairs without strong social cohesion; for example, crayfish. They have chemical memory but the extent to which they remember visual features is unknown. Here we demonstrate that the crayfish Cherax destructor is capable of visual recognition of individuals. The simplicity of their interactions allowed us to examine the behavior and some characteristics of the visual features involved. We showed that facial features are learned during face-to-face fights, that highly variable cues are used, that the type of variability is important, and that the learning is context-dependent. We also tested whether it is possible to engineer false identifications and for animals to distinguish between twin opponents.