Plasma levels of retinoids, carotenoids and tocopherols in patients with mild obstructive sleep apnoea
Plasma levels of retinoids, carotenoids and tocopherols in patients with mild obstructive sleep apnoea
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1440-1843.2009.01623.x
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Tang, Guangwen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Day, Regina M.;Matus, Ismael A.;Tang, Guangwen
背景和目的：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与心血管疾病的发病率增加有关。血管疾病的发病机制包括由于平滑肌细胞(SMC)数量的增加而导致的血管壁增厚。维甲酸(RA)抑制SMC的生长，维甲酸水平降低与血管疾病有关。氧化信号促进SMC的生长，因此抗氧化水平也可能影响心血管疾病的发展。本研究验证了阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者血浆中维甲酸、类胡萝卜素和生育酚水平改变的假说。方法：采集无已知心血管疾病的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者(多为轻度)和对照组的睡前和睡后血浆样本。结果：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者血浆中视黄酸棕榈酸酯和9-顺式视黄酸水平明显低于对照组，而视黄醇、全反式视黄酸和13-顺式视黄酸水平无明显差异。所有反式β-胡萝卜素和9-顺式β-胡萝卜素在OSA患者中也较低。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者睡眠后全反式视黄酸和13-顺式视黄酸水平较睡前降低。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者的β-生育酚显著高于对照组。睡眠后OSA患者血浆处理培养的人血管SMC可促进细胞生长，但对对照组无明显影响。结论：轻度OSA患者体内特异性维甲酸、类胡萝卜素和生育酚水平发生改变，这些物质可能是OSA患者血管疾病易感性增加的标志物和/或介质。
Background and objective: OSA is associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Pathogenic mechanisms of vascular diseases include thickened vascular walls due to the increased number of smooth muscle cells (SMC). Retinoic acid (RA) suppresses the growth of SMC, and reduced retinoid levels are associated with vascular diseases. Oxidant signalling promotes SMC growth, thus antioxidant levels may also influence the development of cardiovascular diseases. The present study tested the hypothesis that plasmas from OSA patients contain altered levels of retinoids, carotenoids and tocopherols.Methods: Plasma samples were taken before and after sleep from patients with OSA (mostly mild) without known cardiovascular diseases and from control subjects. Levels of retinoids, carotenoids and tocopherols were measured using sensitive gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry and high pressure liquid chromatography methods and total antioxidant capacity was assessed fluorometrically.Results: Results showed that plasmas from patients with OSA had significantly lower retinyl palmitate and 9-cis RA compared with control subjects, while levels of retinol, all-trans RA and 13-cis RA were indifferent. All trans beta-carotene and 9-cis beta-carotene were also lower in OSA patients. Levels of all-trans RA and 13-cis RA in OSA patients were reduced after sleep compared with before sleep. OSA patients showed significantly higher delta-tocopherol compared with controls. Treatment of cultured human vascular SMC with post-sleep OSA patient plasmas promoted cell growth, but not in controls.Conclusions: Mild OSA exhibits altered levels of specific retinoids, carotenoids and tocopherols, which may be markers and/or mediators for the increased susceptibility of patients to vascular diseases.