Role of nitrite in the photochemical formation of radicals in the snow.

Role of nitrite in the photochemical formation of radicals in the snow.
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亚硝酸盐在雪中自由基光化学形成中的作用。

DOI:
10.1021/es404002c
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
11.4
通讯作者:
Jacobi HW
Jacobi HW
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jacobi HW

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雪中​​的光化学反应会对雪覆盖地区的大气成分以及雪本身的成分产生重要影响。主要的光化学过程之一是硝酸盐的光解,导致挥发性氮化合物的形成。我们报告了在阿拉斯加巴罗沿海地区收集的地表雪中与硝酸盐和过氧化氢一起测定的亚硝酸盐浓度。结果表明,亚硝酸盐可能作为雪中活性羟基自由基和挥发性氮氧化物的前体发挥着重要作用。导致大气中亚硝酸浓度升高的污染事件导致夜间地表雪层中亚硝酸盐的增加。观测到的白天亚硝酸盐浓度远高于基于硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐光解作用的稳态浓度预测的值,这表明我们尚未完全了解雪中亚硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的产生。观测到的亚硝酸盐浓度与预期的亚硝酸盐浓度之间的差异可能是由于多种因素造成的,包括对雪中的反应环境和化学过程的不完全了解,以及缺乏对雪的垂直结构的考虑。
Photochemical reactions in snow can have an important impact on the composition of the atmosphere over snow-covered areas as well as on the composition of the snow itself. One of the major photochemical processes is the photolysis of nitrate leading to the formation of volatile nitrogen compounds. We report nitrite concentrations determined together with nitrate and hydrogen peroxide in surface snow collected at the coastal site of Barrow, Alaska. The results demonstrate that nitrite likely plays a significant role as a precursor for reactive hydroxyl radicals as well as volatile nitrogen oxides in the snow. Pollution events leading to high concentrations of nitrous acid in the atmosphere contributed to an observed increase in nitrite in the surface snow layer during nighttime. Observed daytime nitrite concentrations are much higher than values predicted from steady-state concentrations based on photolysis of nitrate and nitrite indicating that we do not fully understand the production of nitrite and nitrous acid in snow. The discrepancy between observed and expected nitrite concentrations is probably due to a combination of factors, including an incomplete understanding of the reactive environment and chemical processes in snow, and a lack of consideration of the vertical structure of snow.
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发表时间: 2007-05-15
影响因子: 11.4
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