Distinguishing efficacy, individual effectiveness and population effectiveness of therapies.
Distinguishing efficacy, individual effectiveness and population effectiveness of therapies.
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区分疗法的功效、个体有效性和群体有效性。
DOI：
10.1097/00002030-200004140-00020
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jacobson,LP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Muñoz,A;Gange,SJ;Jacobson,LP
我们怀着极大的兴趣阅读了菲利普斯等人的文章。[1]以及Sabin [2]关于观察性研究中治疗有效性的社论。虽然这两篇文章都详细介绍了使用观察性研究评估治疗效果的问题，但文章强调需要区分三个流行病学概念：疗效、个体有效性和治疗的群体有效性（表1）。临床试验测量治疗的功效，其中治疗个体的反应与未治疗个体的反应进行比较，并且随机化预期去除所有混杂因素。临床试验证明了在受控条件下有效的方法，但其结果不一定适用于现实世界的条件;在此类试验中没有代表的人群中或在那些没有严格遵守规定方案的人群中，效果可能会有所不同。
We read with great interest the article by Phillips et al.[1] and the editorial by Sabin [2] regarding the effectiveness of therapies in observational studies. Although both articles laudably detail issues regarding the use of observational studies for assessing the effect of treatments, the articles highlight the need to distinguish between three epidemiological concepts: efficacy, individual effectiveness and population effectiveness of therapies (Table 1). Clinical trials measure the efficacy of treatments, in which the responses of treated individuals are compared with untreated individuals, and randomization is expected to remove all confounding factors. Clinical trials demonstrate what works under controlled conditions with the limitation that the results are not necessarily applicable to real-world conditions; effects may differ in populations not represented in such trials or among those who do not precisely adhere to the prescribed regimens.