Identification of MERS-CoV in dromedary camels.
Identification of MERS-CoV in dromedary camels.
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DOI：
10.1016/s1473-3099(13)70691-1
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发表时间：
2014-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Van Kerkhove MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferguson NM;Van Kerkhove MD
一个健康--一个旨在整合人类和兽医健康的倡议--在《柳叶刀传染病》杂志上得到了推动。来自荷兰，卡塔尔和英国的多学科科学家团队报告了中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）在非人类动物物种单峰骆驼中的首次明确分离。1对从一只动物身上获得的4.2 kb部分病毒序列进行系统发育分析，结果表明，该病毒与从与受影响农场的骆驼有过接触的两名人类病例中获得的分离物几乎相同。受影响的小农场是位于卡塔尔多哈西北约30公里处的一个更大农场的一部分，自两个月前该农场确诊首例人间病例以来，一直是深入流行病学调查的对象。2尽管迄今为止只对一只骆驼的病毒进行了测序，但该农场14只骆驼中有11只报告了感染的病毒学证据，所有骆驼都有暴露于MERS-CoV样病毒的血清学证据。从人和动物分离的病毒之间的系统发育相似性强烈表明跨物种传播，但是当前数据不通知该传输的方向。值得注意的是，骆驼和人病毒序列有两个取代不同。正如研究人员所指出的，这种分歧可能是动物中引入突变的传播链的最终结果。检测到的人类和骆驼感染的最初来源尚不清楚，尽管序列与2013年6月在沙特阿拉伯Hafr Al-Batin报告的MERS CoV人间病例的分离株非常匹配。在卡塔尔的骆驼中检测到MERS CoV的重要性更大，因为据报告，沙特阿拉伯的一只骆驼中检测到了该病毒，但尚未得到证实，3以及以前在加那利群岛、阿曼4和埃及的骆驼中发现了MERS CoV或一种非常类似的病毒的抗体。在蝙蝠身上也发现了一种密切相关但不完全相同的病毒。6中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒是一种人畜共患病并不令人惊讶;然而，评估其影响将是一项挑战。一个特别矛盾的现象是，无论是在骆驼、人类还是其他宿主物种中，潜在流行病的增长速度都很慢。环境污染可能是
One health—an initiative designed to integrate human and veterinary health—received a boost in The Lancet Infectious Diseases. A multidisciplinary team of scientists from the Netherlands, Qatar, and the UK report the first definitive isolation of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in a non-human animal species, dromedary camels. 1 Phylogenetic analysis of the 4· 2 kb partial viral sequence obtained from one animal show the virus to be almost identical to isolates obtained from two human cases who had had contact with the camels on the affected farm. The affected smallholding is part of a much larger farm complex located about 30 km northwest of Doha, Qatar, which has been the subject of intensive epidemiological investigation since the diagnosis of the first human case on the farm 2 months ago. 2 Although the virus has only been sequenced from one camel to date, some virological evidence of infection was reported in 11 of 14 camels on the farm, and serological evidence of exposure to a MERS-CoV-like virus was noted in all of them.The close phylogenetic similarity between virus isolated from people and animals strongly suggests cross-species transmission, but present data do not inform on the direction of that transmission. Notably, the camel and human virus sequences differ by two substitutions. As the investigators note, this divergence might be the end result of a chain of transmission in animals that introduced mutations. The original source of the detected human and camel infections is unknown, although the sequences closely match an isolate from a human case of MERS-CoV reported in Hafr Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia, in June, 2013. The detection of MERS-CoV in camels in Qatar is given greater weight by the reported, but as yet unconfirmed, detection of the virus in a camel in Saudi Arabia3 and previous findings of antibodies to MERS-CoV, or a very similar virus, in camels in the Canary Islands, Oman, 4 and Egypt. 5 A closely related but not identical virus has also been detected in bats. 6 That MERS-CoV is a zoonosis is not surprising; assessment of the implications will nevertheless be challenging. A particular paradox is the slow rate of growth of the underlying epidemic, whether in camels, human beings, or other reservoir species. Environmental contamination is perhaps