Piezofluorochromism of an Aggregation-Induced Emission Compound Derived from Tetraphenylethylene
Piezofluorochromism of an Aggregation-Induced Emission Compound Derived from Tetraphenylethylene
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四苯乙烯衍生的聚集诱导发射化合物的压电荧光变色现象
DOI：
10.1002/asia.201000802
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Xu, Jiarui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Xiqi;Chi, Zhenguo;Xu, Jiarui
有机荧光材料的发展无论在基础研究还是在实际应用中都具有重要意义。分子化学结构的修饰或改变是控制荧光性质的最常见方法。然而，用于高效、可逆地动态控制固态荧光的有效材料数量有限，因为固态中的大多数化学反应涉及不充分的转化和不可逆反应，或者导致荧光能力的丧失。[1]为了克服这个问题，提出了一种非常有吸引力的方法，该方法通过改变固态分子堆积模式而不改变组成分子的化学结构来动态控制固体荧光性质。最近发现，压电荧光变色是由机械应力引起的荧光颜色的变化，伴随着通过加热、重结晶或暴露于溶剂蒸气而恢复到原始荧光颜色。许多压致变色材料都是基于在压力下吸收特性的变化而被报道的。[2]荧光可以以高灵敏度检测，从而使具有压电荧光致变色的材料在光学记录和应变或压力传感系统中具有广泛的应用。然而，有机压致荧光变色材料是非常罕见的。[3]最近，我们实验室合成了许多具有各种化学结构的聚集诱导发射（AIE）化合物，非常有趣的是发现几乎所有这些化合物都是压致荧光材料。因此，我们建议将这些化合物称为压致荧光致变色聚集诱导发射（PAIE）材料，因为它们同时具有压致荧光致变色和聚集诱导发射特性。聚集诱导发光材料是一类重要的发光材料，具有强的固体发光、优异的器件性能和高刺激灵敏度的荧光等特性。[5]PAIE材料兼具压致荧光变色材料和聚集诱导发射材料的优点，可以得到更广泛的应用。然而，据我们所知，只有一种化合物（DBDCS，方案1c）同时具有压氟氯代和二氟氯代。
The development of organic fluorescence materials is of great interest for both fundamental research and practical applications. The modification or alteration of molecular chemical structures is the most-common approach for controlling fluorescence properties. However, there are a limited number of effective materials for the dynamic control of solid-state fluorescence with high efficiency and reversibility, because most chemical reactions in the solid state involve insufficient conversion and irreversible reactions, or result in the loss of fluorescence capability.[1] To overcome this problem, a very attractive approach is proposed which dynamically controls solid fluorescence properties by altering the mode of solid-state molecular stacking without changing the chemical structure of the constituting molecules. Found recently, piezofluorochromism is a change in the fluorescence color induced by mechanical stress, accompanied with a reversion to the original fluorescent color by heating, recrystallization, or exposure to solvent vapor. Many piezochromic materials have been reported based on the change in absorption characteristics under pressure.[2] Fluorescence can be detected with high sensitivity, thus enabling materials with piezofluorochromism to have a wide variety of applications in optical recording and strain-or pressure-sensing systems. However, organic piezofluorochromic materials are exceedingly rare.[3]Recently, many aggregation-induced emission (AIE) compounds with various chemical structures have been synthesized in our laboratory, and it is very interesting to find that almost all of these compounds are piezofluorochromic materials. We would thus suggest calling these compounds piezofluorochromic aggregation-induced emission (PAIE) materials as they possess both piezofluorochromic and aggregation-induced emission properties. Aggregation-induced emission materials, first reported by Tang and co-workers,[4] are one of an important class of luminescent materials and exhibit many special properties, such as strong solid emission, excellent device performance, and highly stimuli-sensitive fluorescence.[5] PAIE materials have the advantages of both piezofluorochromic materials and aggregation-induced emission materials and can be more-widely used. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been only one compound (DBDCS, Scheme 1c) that has both piezofluorochro-