Non-fatal strangulation in sexual assault: A study of clinical and assault characteristics highlighting the role of intimate partner violence
Non-fatal strangulation in sexual assault: A study of clinical and assault characteristics highlighting the role of intimate partner violence
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jflm.2016.06.005
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Smith, Debbie A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zilkens, Renate R.;Phillips, Maureen A.;Smith, Debbie A.
目的：描述近期性侵犯后被性侵犯资源中心（SARC）转诊的妇女中非致命性勒颈（NFS）的患病率、危险因素、体征和症状。使用妇女法医检查时常规收集的数据进行的横断面研究（年龄>= 13岁）在2009年1月至2015年3月期间提到西澳大利亚州SARC，指控最近的性侵犯。人口统计数据，攻击的特点和法医调查结果是available.Results：共1064名妇女被列入研究，79（7.4%）涉嫌NFS在性侵犯。不同年龄组和攻击者类型的NFS患病率差异显着。在30 - 39岁的女性中，15.1%有NFS病史，而在所有其他年龄组中，这一比例不到8.2%。在被亲密伴侣袭击的妇女中，22.5%的人有NFS病史，而被其他类型的袭击者袭击的妇女中只有不到6%。在所有有NFS的性侵犯中，亲密伴侣是58.2%的案件的攻击者，而在没有NFS的性侵犯案件中，亲密伴侣是15.9%的案件的攻击者。被亲密伴侣性侵犯的女性发生NFS的几率是被熟人/朋友性侵犯的女性的8.4倍，是被陌生人性侵犯的女性的4.9倍。当考虑到年龄和攻击者类型时，受到亲密伴侣性攻击的30-39岁妇女的NFS比例最高（33.9%）。在性侵犯期间与NFS有关的其他因素包括剥夺自由、口头威胁、在妇女家中受到攻击和使用额外的钝力。NFS的外部物理迹象是不存在的49.4%的NFS性assessmentcases.Conclusions：本研究确定和量化的NFS女性性侵犯的危险因素，并强调了与亲密伴侣性侵犯的强烈关联。提高对NFS在性侵犯方面的认识应有助于改善性侵犯和家庭暴力服务、急诊部门和警察的医疗筛查、法医管理和安全风险评估。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司和法医和法律的医学学院。All rights reserved.
Objective: To describe the prevalence, risk factors, signs and symptoms of non-fatal strangulation (NFS) in women referred to a Sexual Assault Resource Centre (SARC) following recent sexual assault.Methods: A cross-sectional study using data routinely collected at time of forensic examination of women (age >= 13 years) referred to the Western Australian SARC between Jan-2009 and Mar-2015 alleging a recent sexual assault. Data on demographics, assault characteristics and forensic findings were available.Results: A total of 1064 women were included in the study; 79 (7.4%) alleged NFS during the sexual assault. The prevalence of NFS varied significantly by age-group and assailant type. Of women aged 30 -39 years 15.1% gave a history of NFS compared to less than 8.2% in all other age groups. Of women assaulted by an intimate partner, 22.5% gave a history of NFS compared to less than 6% of women assaulted by other assailant types. Of all sexual assaults with NFS, intimate partners were the assailant in 58.2% of cases, whereas in sexual assault cases without NFS, intimate partners were the assailant in 15.9% of cases. Odds of NFS were 8.4 times higher in women sexually assaulted by an intimate partner compared to women assaulted by an acquaintance/friend and 4.9 times higher compared to women assaulted by a stranger. When considering both age and assailant type the highest proportion of NFS (33.9%) was in women aged 30-39 years sexually assaulted by an intimate partner. Other factors associated with NFS during sexual assault included deprivation of liberty, verbal threats, being assaulted in the woman's home and use of additional blunt force. External physical signs of NFS were absent in 49.4% of all NFS sexual assault cases.Conclusions: This study identifies and quantifies NFS risk factors in female sexual assault and highlights the strong association with intimate partner sexual assault. Greater awareness of NFS in sexual assault should lead to improvement in medical screening, forensic management and safety risk assessment by sexual assault and domestic violence services, emergency departments and police. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved.