Fixed or variable demand? Does it matter when locating a facility?
Fixed or variable demand? Does it matter when locating a facility?
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固定需求还是可变需求？
DOI：
10.1016/j.omega.2011.02.007
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
P. M. Ortigosa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. L. Redondo;José Fernández;A. G. Arrondo;I. García;P. M. Ortigosa
在现有文献中的大多数竞争区位模型中，假设需求是固定的，不受市场条件的影响。然而，需求可能会因价格、到设施的距离等因素而有所不同，特别是当商品不是必需的时候。考虑到可变需求增加了问题的复杂性，因此，解决它所需的计算工作量，但它可能使模型更现实。本文提出了一种新的具有可变需求的平面竞争选址与设计问题。利用该模型，文献中首次用数值方法证明了固定需求假设对选址决策的影响很大，因此在对选址问题进行建模时必须慎重选择需求类型（固定需求还是可变需求）。最后，提出了精确区间分支定界法和UEGO （Universal evolutionary Global Optimizer）进化算法来处理新模型。
In most competitive location models available in the literature, it is assumed that the demand is fixed independently of market conditions. However, demand may vary depending on prices, distances to the facilities, etc., especially when the goods are not essential. Taking variable demand into consideration increases the complexity of the problem and, therefore, the computational effort needed to solve it, but it may make the model more realistic. In this paper, a new planar competitive locationand designproblem with variable demand is presented. By using it, it is shown numerically for the first time in the literature that the assumption of fixed demand influences the location decision very much, and therefore the selection of the type of demand (fixed or variable) must be made with care when modeling location problems. Finally, two methods are presented to cope with the new model, an exact interval branch-and-bound method and an evolutionary algorithm called UEGO (Universal Evolutionary Global Optimizer).