Methods to Analyze the Effect of Diet-Derived Metabolites on Endothelial Inflammation and Cell Surface Glycosaminoglycans.
Methods to Analyze the Effect of Diet-Derived Metabolites on Endothelial Inflammation and Cell Surface Glycosaminoglycans.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-0716-1398-6_37
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发表时间：
2022-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Anandh Babu, Pon Velayutham
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文献类型：
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作者：
Cutler, Brett Ronald;Chua, Jie Shi;Anandh Babu, Pon Velayutham
糖萼是一种生物活性屏障，覆盖血管内皮的管腔侧，由蛋白聚糖[具有糖胺聚糖（GAG）侧链的核心蛋白]、糖蛋白和血浆蛋白组成。有证据表明，内皮糖萼结构和功能的破坏加剧了血管炎症和动脉粥样硬化。糖萼的GAG组分在糖尿病背景下经历重塑，并且内皮GAG的这些改变对血管功能产生负面影响。因此，在改变的血管中保存和恢复GAG可能是改善糖尿病和代谢综合征血管并发症的新策略。人体研究支持广泛存在于水果和蔬菜中的黄酮类化合物的有益血管作用。黄酮类化合物被人体肠道微生物群和消化酶广泛代谢，表明其生物活性可能由其循环代谢产物介导。研究表明，使用膳食化合物抵消对GAG的损害可改善血管并发症。在这篇文章中，我们描述的方法来分析饮食衍生的代谢产物，如代谢产物类黄酮对内皮炎症和细胞表面糖胺聚糖的影响。
The glycocalyx is a biologically active barrier that covers the luminal side of the vascular endothelium and it is comprised of proteoglycans [core proteins with glycosaminoglycans (GAG) side chains], glycoproteins, and plasma proteins. Evidence shows that the disruption in the structure and function of the endothelial glycocalyx exacerbates vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. The GAG components of the glycocalyx undergo remodeling in the setting of diabetes and these alterations in endothelial GAGs negatively impact the vascular function. Hence, the preservation and restoration of GAGs in altered vasculature may be a novel strategy to ameliorate vascular complications in diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Human studies support the beneficial vascular effects of flavonoids which are widely found in fruits and vegetables. Flavonoids are extensively metabolized by the intestinal microbiota and digestive enzymes in humans, suggesting that their biological activities may be mediated by their circulating metabolites. Studies indicate that counteracting the damage to GAGs using dietary compounds improve vascular complications. In this article, we describe the methods to analyze the effect of diet-derived metabolites such as metabolites of flavonoids on endothelial inflammation and cell surface glycosaminoglycans.