Design of the LHAASO detectors
Design of the LHAASO detectors
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DOI：
10.1007/s41605-018-0037-3
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发表时间：
2018-02
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Huihai He;F. C. Collaboration
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huihai He;F. C. Collaboration
大型高海拔空气簇射观测站计划在海拔4,410 m的高空建立一个面积约1 kmat的混合型大面积空气簇射阵。KM 2ALHAASO-KM 2A将探测100 TeV的伽马射线源，灵敏度约为1%Crab单位。它占地1公里，共有5195个闪烁探测器。它的角分辨率达到约0.3度，能量分辨率优于25%。在1171 μ子探测器的帮助下，宇宙核背景将被拒绝到10-4的水平，在50 TeV。WCDALHAASO-WCDA主要用于探测北方天空100 - 20 TeV的稳态和瞬态源，具有很高的背景抑制能力和良好的角分辨率。WCDA由三个水池组成，总面积为78，000 m，有效水深为4 m。每个水池被分成5米5米的单元，用黑色塑料窗帘隔开，以防止相邻单元的光线穿透。一个8英寸的光电倍增管位于每个单元的底部中心，向上看以收集水中淋浴二级粒子产生的切伦科夫光。WFCTALHAASO-WFCTA由12个宽视场切伦科夫/荧光望远镜组成。每台望远镜由一个约4.7mand的球形光收集器和一个3232象元的焦平面照相机组成，象元尺寸为0.5 °，LHAASO原型阵已在羊八井宇宙线观测站建成约1%的LHAASO原型阵，并已运行两年多。结论LHAASO探测器是为满足γ射线天文学和宇宙线物理学的物理目标而设计的。LHAASO的四分之一将在2018年底建成并投入运营，以产生物理数据。整个阵列将于2021年初完成。
IntroductionThe Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory plans to build a hybrid extensive air shower array with an area of about 1 kmat an altitude of 4,410 m a.s.l. in Sichuan province, China, to explore the origin of high-energy cosmic rays.KM2ALHAASO-KM2A will detect gamma ray sources with a sensitivity of about 1% Crab Unit at 100 TeV. It covers an area of 1 kmwith a total of 5195 scintillation detectors. Its angular resolution reaches about 0.3 degrees, and the energy resolution is better than 25%. With the help of 1171 muon detectors, cosmic nuclei background will be rejected to a level of 10-4 at 50 TeV. The design and performances of the scintillation detectors and muon detectors are described in detail.WCDALHAASO-WCDA focuses on surveying the northern sky for steady and transient sources from 100 GeV to 20 TeV, with a very high background rejection power and a good angular resolution. The WCDA consists of three water ponds with a total area of 78,000 m, and the effective water depth is 4 m. Each water pond is divided into 5m5m cells partitioned by black plastic curtains to prevent penetration of the light from neighboring cells. An 8-inch PMT sits at the bottom center of each cell, looking upward to collect Cherenkov light generated by shower secondary particles in water.WFCTALHAASO-WFCTA is composed of 12 wide-field-of-view Cherenkov/fluorescence telescopes. Each telescope consists of a spherical light collector of about 4.7 mand focal plane camera of 3232 pixels with a pixel size of 0.5 degree.LHAASO prototype arraysA prototype array about 1% of LHAASO has been constructed at Yangbajing Cosmic Ray Observatory and has been in operation for more than 2 years. Its performance fully meets the design requirements.ConclusionThe LHAASO detectors are designed to fulfill the physical goals in gamma ray astronomy and cosmic ray physics. One-fourth of LHAASO will be constructed and put into operation to produce physical data by the end of 2018. The whole array will be finished in the beginning of 2021.